和平与现代国际体系的演化  

Peace and the Evolution of the Modern International System

作　　者：尚会鹏[1] Shang Huipeng

机构地区：[1]北京大学国际关系学院

出　　处：《国际政治研究》2019年第2期9-27,5,共20页The Journal of International Studies

基　　金："华侨大学高层次人才科研启动项目"资助(项目编号:600005-Z17X0090)

摘　　要："国际"是人类相互作用的一个层次,国际体系也像社会体系一样有一个不断演化的过程。近代条约体系带有西方文明的烙印,可视为以保障个人权利、限制国家权力为特点的西欧国内民主政治制度在国际层面的延伸。该体系体现的国家主权不可侵犯原则是人类在国际层次出现的类似生物基因突变性质的重要变化。基于这一原则产生的民族国家平等、国家间战争规则的制定及对破坏条约的国家实行集体制裁等,不仅对战争产生了深刻影响,也规定了现代国际体系的基本性质。现代国际体系中限制战争的理念和制度设计是人类在国际层次演化出的文明成就。这一基本演化方向被逆转的可能性不大,相反,由技术推动的经济全球化等证据表明,当今国际体系已演化到一个新阶段,即大规模战争受到更多限制,其发生的可能性更小。"International" is an important dimension of human interaction,and the modern international system, like any social system, evolves constantly. The modern system of treaties among nations has a strong western imprint and can be viewed as an outward extension of western countries ’ democratic political systems. The modern international system honors the principle of the inviolability of sovereignty,and this is a significant change analogous to genetic mutations in biological evolution. Other principles and norms began to develop based on the principle of the inviolability of sovereignty, including equality of sovereign states,rules of war between states,and collective sanctions against breaching parties. These principles and norms have not only profound impact on wars but also become defining features of the modern international system. Various ideas and system designs that attempt to restrict wars are among the greatest achievements of human civilization at the international level. This change seems irreversible.Rather,economic globalization accelerated by new technologies suggests that the modern international system has entered a new phase where massive,large-scale warfare is further restricted and much less likely to occur.

关 键 词：国际政治理论 国际体系 和平 战争演化 

分 类 号：D80[政治法律—政治学]