国际伊斯兰救济组织参与全球发展援助研究  

A Study of the International Islamic Relief Organization's Participation in International Developmental Aid

作　　者：何思雨 He Siyu

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学国际关系与公共事务学院,丝路战略研究所

出　　处：《国际政治研究》2019年第2期53-86,6-7,共35页The Journal of International Studies

基　　金：上海外国语大学第一届"导师学术引领计划"( 项目编号: 201601022) 成果之一;国家留学基金"国际区域问题研究及外语高层次人次培养项目"( 项目编号: 201706907144) 资助

摘　　要：国际宗教非政府组织是当前国际发展援助体系的特殊行为体。作为沙特政府在非官方层面开展发展援助的机构,国际伊斯兰救济组织具有鲜明的伊斯兰特色,表现在权力高度集中的组织运行体系、以宗教虔诚度为主要标准的人事制度、基于传统舒拉制度的议事规则和基于传统伊斯兰慈善制度的资金来源等方面。同时,伊斯兰因素还深度影响了国际伊斯兰救济组织的行为逻辑与选择偏好,使其将发展援助与宣教相结合,并在宣教活动上投入了大量资源。浓厚的宗教色彩造成国际伊斯兰救济组织过于保守的意识形态和封闭的组织文化,特别是涉恐传闻、资金透明度等问题给组织声誉、活动实施和后续改革造成了一定困扰,这一定程度上制约其融入国际主流发展援助体系。国际伊斯兰救济组织至今尚未成为且未来也难以发展为国际发展援助中有影响力的行为体。Religious NGOs are special actors in the field of international developmental aid. As an institution serving the national interests of Saudi Arabia,the International Islamic Relief Organization( IIRO) has distinctive Islamic characteristics,including its organizational structure with a high concentration of power,its personnel management based on religious piety, its rules of procedure influenced by the traditional Shauria system,and its sources of funding inherited from traditional Islamic charity channels. IIRO’s behavioral and selection preferences have been deeply influenced by Islam. It combines developmental aid with religious missions and invests massive resources in missionary activities. Meanwhile,such strong religious factors have caused IIRO’s conservative ideology and its closed and non-transparent organizational culture,which have also restricted the integration of IIRO into the international mainstream developmental aid system. In particular,rumors about its links to terrorist groups and lack of funding transparency have jeopardized IIRO’s reputation and negatively affected the implementation of its aid activities and subsequent organizational reforms. IIRO is a unique force in the field of international developmental aid;it is an important participant,but not an influential actor.

关 键 词：国际组织 国际伊斯兰救济组织 发展援助 全球治理 伊斯兰因素 

分 类 号：C913.7[经济管理]