经皮植入物与周围软组织整合研究进展  

Strategies for integrating the soft tissue around percutaneous implant

作　　者：吴昊 雷星[2] 李俊琴 张帅帅 程朋真 毕龙 裴国献 Wu Hao;Lei Xing;Li Junqin;Zhang Shuaishuai;Cheng Pengzhen;Bi Long;Pei Guoxian(Department of Orthopaedics,Xijing Hospital,the Fourth Military Medical University,Xi’an 710032,China;Department of Orthopedics,Linyi People’s Hospital,Linyi 276000,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学西京医院骨科,西安710032 [2]临沂市人民医院骨科,山东临沂276000

出　　处：《中华实验外科杂志》2019年第6期1143-1147,共5页Chinese Journal of Experimental Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(81430049);国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1100300);临沂市科技发展计划项目(201818015).

摘　　要：经皮植入物周围感染是导致植入失败及相关并发症的主要原因,良好的软组织密封和完整的上皮屏障对于抵抗外界侵扰和细菌的侵袭起到关键作用。本文从人体皮肤和天然经皮结构出发,探究这些精妙的生物结构周围复杂的整合机制,为构建更为合理的仿生植入物指明方向。经皮植入物穿透皮肤(黏膜)和软组织,启动创伤愈合反应,良好愈合是达到周围软组织密封的基础。在显微镜下观察时,上皮细胞的增殖和成纤维细胞的黏附是愈合过程的关键。通过使用不同的材料和(或)改变植入物的表面结构,可诱导成纤维细胞的黏附与长入,从而阻止上皮细胞下移。在植入物表面涂覆生物分子同样可以促进创面愈合,但尚长期随访观察。相信随着纳米技术和生物材料学的迅猛发展,经皮植入物软组织整合领域也一定会有长足的进步。Percutaneous implant peripheral infection is one of the major causes of failure and related complications, whereas a good soft tissue seal and integral epithelial barrier play a key role in antagonizing exogenous disturbances and bacteria. This review bases their discovery on skin structures and biological percutaneous devices and investigates the integration mechanism around the structures, which indicates the direction of bionic devices. Implantation initiates superficial wound healing, after which it forms a soft tissue sealing. The proliferation of epithelial cell and the attachment of fibroblast play a key role in the process. Researchers try different materials and change the surface topography in order to induce fibroblast adhesion and prevent epithelial down-growth. At the same time, some scientists coat the implants with some biomolecule, but long-term observation is needed. In the future, with the development of Nano technology and biomaterials, the field involving percutaneous sealing of implants will make much more progress.

关 键 词：经皮植入物 骨科植入物 上皮细胞 成纤维细胞 软组织整合 

分 类 号：R687[医药卫生—骨科学]