禁抗趋势下抗生素类饲料添加剂的使用与应对措施  

Use of Antibiotic Feed Additives under the Trend of Antibiotic Prohibition and Countermeasure

作　　者：汪文忠 Wang Wenzhong(Hangzhou Kangqiao Feed Technology Co. Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]杭州康桥饲料科技有限公司

出　　处：《中国饲料添加剂》2019年第5期8-10,共3页China Feed Additive

摘　　要：抗生素是由微生物(细菌、放线菌、真菌)产生的具有抗病菌性的化学物质,可高效抑制病原体的生物活性、繁殖率甚至直接将其杀灭,已发现的天然抗生素超过万种。抗生素曾经作为畜禽促生长性的饲料添加剂在国内养殖业中广泛使用。抗生素在预防以及治疗疾病方面功勋卓著,特别是在人畜共患病方面,其应用后极大地降低了人类感染细菌性疾病的概率;其次,抗生素降低了料肉比、加快了畜禽生长,在生产养殖上起着不可磨灭的作用。但高频率地使用抗生素导致了诸多不良后果,欧盟于2005年底全面禁止抗生素进入饲料添加剂行列,而我国还没有完善的养殖业抗生素使用规范。文章从抗生素的作用机理着手,分析了禁抗趋势下抗生素类饲料添加剂的使用与应对措施。Antibiotics are chemical substances produced by microorganisms (bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi) that are resistant to pathogens. They can effectively inhibit the biological activity and reproduction rate of pathogens and even kill them directly. More than 10,000 kinds of natural antibiotics have been discovered. Antibiotics are widely used as feed additives to promote growth of livestock and poultry in domestic breeding industry. Antibiotics have made great achievements in prevention and treatment of diseases, especially in zoonotic diseases. After application, the probability of human infection with bacterial diseases is greatly reduced. Antibiotics reduce the ratio of feed to meat, accelerate the growth of livestock and poultry, and play an indelible role in production and breeding. However, high-frequency use of antibiotics has led to many adverse consequences. The EU completely banned antibiotics from entering the catalogue of feed additives at the end of 2005, but China still has no perfect antibiotic use norms for animal. Starting from the action mechanism of antibiotics, this paper analyzed the use and countermeasures of antibiotic feed additives under the trend of prohibition and resistance.

关 键 词：抗生素 饲料添加剂 禁抗 养殖业 措施 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]