液氮温区Ω形轴向槽道热管的启动特性与传热性能  

Start-up and heat transfer performance of a nitrogen cryogenic axial Ω shape grooved heat pipe

作　　者：张畅[1,2] 谢荣建 孙琦[1] 张添 吴亦农[1] 洪芳军 ZHANG Chang;XIE Rongjian;SUN Qi;ZHANG Tian;WU Yinong;HONG Fangjun(Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics ,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200083,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海技术物理研究所,上海200083 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]上海交通大学机械与工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《化工进展》2019年第6期2610-2617,共8页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51776121)

摘　　要：基于空间深低温热传输需求设计了一套带有常温储气库的氮工质Ω形轴向槽道热管,并对其启动特性和传热性能进行实验研究,对比了槽道热管在不同充液率和放置角度下的传热性能。结果发现:热管在常温下启动迅速,绝热段及蒸发段在冷凝段降温至液氮温区后可以在短时间内降温,热管均温性良好。槽道热管能够在70~110K温度范围内高效传热,热阻随运行温度和热负荷的上升而减小。热管的充液率为100%时其传热性能最优,过大或过小会使得热管传热性能下降。储气库结构可以减小热管工作温度变化对其充液率的影响,利于其在更大的温度范围内获得更好的传热性能。热管的放置形态对其传热性能有显著影响,不同的放置形态会影响热管的传热极限和传热热阻。当热源处于蒸发段管线下端时性能最优,最大传输功率为45W,热阻最低为0.31K/W。Equipped with a gas storage working at room temperature, a set of Ω-shaped axial grooved heat pipe filled with nitrogen serving as the working fluid was designed in this paper to meet the heat transport demand in cosmically cryogenic environment. Its starting characteristic and heat transfer performance were studied based on experiments. Different heat transfer properties were compared on the conditions of varied filling rates and placements at different angles. The conclusion was drawn as follows:the heat pipe started soon at a normal temperature. Its adiabatic section and evaporator section cooled within a short time span as soon as the temperature of condensation section lowered to a certain degree of the liquid nitrogen temperature zone and the thermal homogeneity performed well. The grooved heat pipe conducted heat with high efficiency within temperature zone 70-110 K and the thermal resistance decreased with the increase of operating temperature and thermal load. Its heat transfer property peaked when the filling rate reached 100%. Excessive filling rate, be it high or low, will lead to the decrease of the property. The gas storage can alleviate the effect on filling rate resulted from the change in the working temperature of the heat pipe, which contributed to the better heat transfer property in a wider temperature range. The angles at which the heat pipe was placed affected the heat transfer limitation and heat transfer resistance apparently. When the heat source was placed at the lowest end of pipeline belonging to the evaporator section the property performed best with the maximum transmission power 45 W and the lowest heat resistance 0.31 K/W.

关 键 词：槽道热管 液氮温区 启动特性 超临界流体 充液率 传热 气液平衡 

分 类 号：TK172.4[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]