寒旱区不同覆膜方式对春玉米生育指标及产量的影响  

Effects of Different Film Mulching on Growth Indexes and Yield of Spring Maize in Cold and Arid Regions

作　　者：陈宗政 黄智鸿[1] CHEN Zong-zheng;HUANG Zhi-hong(School of Agriculture & Forestry Science and Technology,Hebei North College,Zhangjiakou,Hebei 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北北方学院农林科技学院

出　　处：《河北北方学院学报（自然科学版）》2019年第5期51-57,64,共8页Journal of Hebei North University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：河北省现代农业产业技术体系(玉米体系岗位专家)(HBCT2018020203);河北省科技厅支撑项目(18226334D);张家口市科技支撑项目(1611050C)

摘　　要：目的 探究冀西北寒旱区不同地膜类型和覆膜方式对春玉米生理指标、生长指标及产量的影响。方法 采用田间试验的方法,进行春玉米地膜类型(白色、黑色)和覆膜方式(半膜覆盖、全膜覆盖)的对照试验。结果 总体来看覆膜效果,全膜覆盖>半膜覆盖>无膜。覆膜显著提高了春玉米叶绿素、叶面积、干物质积累量等指标。拔节期白色全膜、白色半膜、黑色全膜和黑色半膜干物质积累量分别较对照高出58.94%、11.13%、54.56%和2.92%。白色全膜和黑色全膜处理在苗期和拔节期各性状差异不明显;抽雄期黑色全膜处理在叶面积、叶绿素含量较白色全膜分别高69cm2、1.2mg·g^-1,但黑色地膜抑制根部生长,生育期间根冠较小,为0.15。白色全膜产量最高,为1219.4kg,较白色半膜、黑色全膜、黑色半膜和对照分别增产20.8%、11.7%、16.5%和22.9%。结论 白色全膜覆盖适宜在冀北寒旱区推广。Objective To explore the effects of different mulch types and film mulching methods on physiological indexes,growth indexes and yield of spring maize in the Northwest Hebei.Methods The field test method was used to carry out comparative test on spring corn mulch type(white,black)and film mulching(half film,full film),with no film as a control.Results The results showed that the overall film coverage,full film coverage>half film coverage>no film.The film significantly improved the chlorophyll,leaf area and dry matter accumulation of spring maize.The dry matter accumulation of white full-film,white half-film,black full-film and black half-film at jointing stage was 58.94%,11.13%,54.56%and 2.92%higher than the control,respectively.The effects of white full-film and black whole-film treatment on seedling and jointing stage were not obvious.The black leaf-wide and chlorophyll content in the male stage was 69 cm 2 and 1.2 mg/g higher than that of the white whole film,but the black mulch inhibited root growth.Therefore,the root crown during birth is relatively small at 0.15.The total yield of white full film was 1,219.4 kg,which was 20.8%,11.7%,16.5%and 22.9%higher than that of white half film,black full film,black half film and control.Conclusion The white full-film cover is suitable for promotion in the cold and arid regions of Northwest Hebei.

关 键 词：春玉米 覆膜方式 生育期 生长指标 产量 

分 类 号：S626[农业科学—园艺学]