放射性废有机相(TBP/OK)处理技术综述  

REVIEW ON TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE ORGANIC PHASE (TBP/OK)

作　　者：冯文东[1,2] 王瑞英 叶盾毅[1] 王云海 安鸿翔[1] FENG Wen-dong;WANG Rui-ying;YE Dun-yi;WANG Yun-hai;AN Hong-xiang(China Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan 030006, China;Nuclear Safety Center, MEP,Beijing 100082, China;Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China)

机构地区：[1]中国辐射防护研究院,太原030006 [2]西安交通大学,西安710049 [3]环境保护部核与辐射安全中心,北京100082

出　　处：《环境工程》2019年第5期92-98,104,共8页Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：放射性废有机相主要成分包括TBP、煤油以及少量降解产物和放射性核素,属易燃易爆物质。这类废物虽然年产生量小,但经过核设施多年的运行和累积存放,贮量逐年增多,对社会和自然环境造成安全隐患,亟需进行处理。对目前世界范围内放射性废有机相(TBP/OK)的各种处理方法进行了介绍,包括焚烧法、湿法氧化法、加合物形成相分离-焚烧处理法、碱性水解法、吸收法、水泥固化法和蒸馏法,分析了各种处理方法的优缺点。此外,对放射性废有机相处理方法的工程应用进行了考虑。结合各核设施产生的放射性废有机相的实际源项,可优先考虑使用碱性水解法、Fenton法和吸收法等技术对其进行处理。The main components of radioactive waste organic phase include TBP, kerosene, a small amount of degradation products and radionuclides, which are flammable and explosive substances.Although radioactive waste organic phase is produced in a small amount per year, after long-term operation and cumulative storage by nuclear facilities, its amount increases year by year, and there are potential hazard to the society and environment, which are in urgent need of treatment.Various treatment methods for radioactive waste organic phase (TBP/OK) at preset in the world were introduced in this paper, including incineration, wet oxidation, adduct formation phase separation-incineration treatment, alkaline hydrolysis, absorption, cement solidification and distillation method, and the advantages and disadvantages of various treatment methods were analyzed.In addition, the engineering application of the TBP/OK treatment methods was considered.Combined with the actual source of TBP/OK produced by each nuclear facility, it can be preferentially treated by techniques such as alkaline hydrolysis, Fenton method and absorption method, etc.

关 键 词：放射性 废有机溶相(TBP/OK) 处理 

分 类 号：X771[环境科学与工程—环境工程]