1961-2017年中国干湿区域变化规律研究  

Study of Changes of Dry-and-Wet Climate Zone in China from 1961 to 2017

作　　者：傅晓洁 郝振纯[1] 曹晴 郝洁 鲁乘阳 Fu Xiaojie;Hao Zhenchun;Cao Qing;Hao Jie;Lu Chengyang(College of Hydrology & Water Resources,Hohai Univ.,Nanjing 210098,China;Materials & Structural Engineering Department,Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institate,Nanjing 210029,China;Ningmeng Bureau of Hydrology & Water Resources,Yellow River Conservancy Commission,Baotou 014030,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源学院,南京210098 [2]南京水利科学研究院材料结构研究所,南京210029 [3]黄河水利委员会宁蒙水文水资源局,内蒙古包头014030

出　　处：《三峡大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第4期21-26,共6页Journal of China Three Gorges University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1508001)

摘　　要：选取中国大陆地区1961-2017年566个基本气象站逐月气象资料计算得到湿润指数.分别基于降水量和湿润指数,将中国气候区域划分为干旱区、半干旱区、半湿润区和湿润区.采用克里金插值、趋势分析、Mann-Kendall检验和量级计算等方法分析了中国大陆地区近57年来降水量和湿润指数的时空变化特征,并对比分析了基于降水量和湿润指数气候分区方法的异同点,比较1961-1990年和1991-2017年两个时间段的干湿区域面积大小,深入研究了不同干湿区域的逐年量级变化规律.结果表明:降水量和湿润指数逐年变化波动大且无明显变化趋势,但两者在趋势和波动情况上具有高度一致性;降水量和湿润指数等值线在干旱区和湿润区存在差异,与降水量相比,湿润指数划分的干湿气候分区更趋于稳定;相对于半湿润区和湿润区,干旱区和半干旱区的面积和干旱化的变化幅度大.干旱区的干旱化程度减弱,半干旱区的干旱化程度增强,湿润区和半湿润区的干湿变化不明显.The monthly meteorological data of 566 stations in China from 1961 to 2017 are selected to calculate the wetness index.China is divided into arid,semi-arid,semi-humid and humid areas based on precipitation and wetness index.Kriging interpolation,trend analysis,Mann-Kendall test and magnitude calculation method are adopted to study the spatio temporal characteristics of precipitation and wetness index in 57 years and compare the differences and similarities between the two indexes to divide the climate zone.These methods are also used to compare the area of the dry and wet regions between the two periods(1961-1990 and 1991-2017)and study the change law of magnitudes in different dry and wet regions yearly.The study results show that:The amount of precipitation and wetness index fluctuate greatly year by year;and there are no obvious trends.They are highly consistent in trend and fluctuation.Precipitation and wetness index isolines are different in arid and humid areas.Compared with precipitation,the wetting index partition tends to be more stable.Compared with semi-humid area and humid area,the area of arid area and semi-arid area changes more greatly.The degree of aridification of arid area was decreased and that of semi-arid area was increased.There was no significant change of wetting degree in the semi-humid area and the humid area.

关 键 词：干湿分区 湿润指数 降水量 区域面积 变化规律 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]