甘肃省甘南地区儿童尿液筛查结果及影响因素分析  

Analysis of Urine Screening Results and Influencing Factors of Children in Gannan Area of Gansu Province

作　　者：崔金乔 邱皓 李艳芬 裴泓波[3] 郭蕊 段旭东 CUI Jin-qiao;QIU Hao;LI Yan-fen;PEI Hong-bo;GUO Rui;DUAN Xu-dong(Northwest University for Nationalities,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;Gansu Second People's ospital,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;School of Public Health,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]西北民族大学,甘肃兰州730000 [2]甘肃省第二人民医院,甘肃兰州730000 [3]兰州大学公共卫生学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《医学信息》2019年第12期125-128,132,共5页Journal of Medical Information

基　　金：西北民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助研究生项目(编号:Yxm2018148)

摘　　要：目的分析儿童尿常规筛查各指标阳性率分布及其影响因素,早期防治儿童肾脏病。方法采用多级抽样方法,于2017年8月~9月选取甘肃省甘南地区托幼机构、小学及各乡镇未入托0~10岁儿童为研究对象,进行尿常规检测结果进行统计分析,了解甘南高原地区儿童尿检异常情况及影响因素的差异。结果多数父母对于儿童肾脏病的知晓率较低,对于孩子肾脏情况关注度不高;尿常规总阳性检出率为40.60%,各指标检出率从高到低依次为维生素C、尿酮体、尿白细胞、尿潜血,阳性检出率分别为12.00%、11.75%、7.70%、5.27%,血尿+蛋白尿为0.40%。尿潜血阳性及阴性儿童在民族、是否憋尿、清洗外阴频次比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);尿蛋白阳性及阴性儿童在民族、洗澡及摄入粗粮频次比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);尿白细胞阳性及阴性在性别、民族、饮水种类、换洗内裤频次、收入比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归显示,油炸食品、每天吃甜食是尿检潜血阳性危险因素,洗澡是其保护因素,男性、汉族、饮用纯净水是尿白细胞的保护因素(P<0.05);结论组织甘南地区的肾脏病宣教活动,加强教育及医疗资源投入;蔬菜、水果、甜食等摄入需适量,减少含铅食品摄入,避免儿童暴露于吸烟及污染环境,注意环境及个人卫生有利于儿童肾脏病防治。Objective To analyze the distribution of positive rate of urinary routine screening indicators in children and its influencing factors, and to prevent and treat children's kidney diseases at an early stage. Methods A multi-level sampling method was used to analyze the urine routine test results of children aged 0-10 years in kindergartens, primary schools and towns in Gannan region of Gansu Province, and to understand the abnormal situation of urine test and the difference of influencing factors among children in Gannan plateau. Results Most parents have a low awareness rate of children's kidney disease, and their attention to children's kidneys is not high. The total positive rate of urine routine detection is 40.60%. The detection rate of each index from high to low is vitamin C, urine ketone body, urine white blood cells. The positive detection rate of urinary occult blood was 12.00%, 11.75%, 7.70%, 5.27%, and hematuria + proteinuria was 0.40%. There was a statistically significant difference in the frequency of urinary occult blood positive and negative children in the nationality, whether they were urinating and cleaning the vulva, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);the frequency of urine protein positive and negative children in ethnic, bathing and ingestion of coarse grains was statistically significant (P<0.05);urine white blood cells were positive and negative in gender, ethnicity, drinking water. The differences in the types, the frequency of changing underwear, the income were statistically significant (P<0.05). Logistic regression showed that fried foods and sweets every day were positive risk factors for urine test occult blood. Bathing was the protective factor for men, Han, and drinking pure water is a protective factor for urinary leukocytes (P<0.05);Conclusion Renal disease education activities in Gannan area should be organized, and investment in vegetables, fruits and sweets should be strengthened. Appropriate intake of lead-containing foods should be reduced to avoid childre

关 键 词：甘肃省高原地区 儿童 尿液筛查 尿常规 肾脏病防治 

分 类 号：R726.9[医药卫生—儿科]