德鲁兹人与叙利亚反法大起义  

The Druze and the Anti-French Revolt in Syria

作　　者：赵娜[1] Na Zhao

机构地区：[1]西北大学外国语学院

出　　处：《世界民族》2019年第3期89-98,共10页Journal of World Peoples Studies

基　　金：2016年陕西省社会科学基金项目“丝绸之路经济带宗教民族极端主义问题与对策研究”(项目编号:2016C011)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：第一次世界大战后,法国委任统治当局在委任统治地实施“分而治之”的统治政策,极大地损害了当地民众尤其是德鲁兹人的利益。政治上,德鲁兹人的地区自治遭到破坏;经济上,法国委任统治政策打破了德鲁兹地区贸易关系的平衡。1925—1927年,德鲁兹人反抗法国委任统治地方官员的起义发展为叙利亚全境反抗殖民统治、寻求国家独立的大起义。德鲁兹领导人阿特拉什的个人因素对起义起到了推动作用。此次起义促进了德鲁兹人民族主义意识的觉醒,显示了在民族主义思想指导下,叙利亚乡村少数族群与城市精英阶层的政治博弈与共存。After the First World War, the French Mandate authority implemented a policy of divide and rule" in its mandatory, which greatly undermined the interests of the local people, especially those of the Druze. Politically, the regional autonomy of the Druze was challenged by the French authorities. Economically, the French policy upset the balance of trade relations in the Druze region. From 1925 to 1927, the Druze uprising against the local French officials developed into a nationwide revolt against colonialism for national independence throughout Syria. The personal charm of the Druze leader al-Atrash had given great impetus to the revolt, which not only promoted the awakening of the Druze nationalist consciousness, but also revealed the political game and co-existence of the minority ethnic groups living in the Syrian countryside with urban elites in the big cities under the guidance of nationalism.

关 键 词：德鲁兹人 叙利亚反法大起义 法国委任统治 阿特拉什家族 

分 类 号：K151[历史地理—历史学]