准噶尔盆地北缘的早期原互棱齿象和皇冠鹿的化石记录及其对中国山旺阶的地层学意义（英文）  

A record of the early Protanancus and Stephanocemas from the north of the Junggar Basin, and its implication for the Chinese Shanwangian

作　　者：王世骐[1,2,3] 李春晓 张晓晓[1,2,4,5] 江左其杲 叶捷[1,2] 李录 李福昌[6] WANG Shi-Qi;LI Chun-Xiao;ZHANG Xiao-Xiao;JIANGZUO Qi-Gao;YE Jie;LI Lu;LI Fu-Chang(Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044;CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironmen Beijing 100044;CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049;Tianjin Nature History Museum Tianjin 300074;Shandong Linqu Shanwang Paleontological Museum Linqu, Shandong 262600)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室,北京100044 [2]中国科学院生物演化与环境卓越创新中心,北京100044 [3]中国科学院青藏高原地球科学卓越创新中心,北京100101 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [5]天津自然博物馆,天津300074 [6]山东临朐山旺古生物化石博物馆,临朐262600

出　　处：《古脊椎动物学报》2019年第2期133-154,共22页Vertebrata Palasiatica

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(编号:XDA20070203,XDB26000000);中国科学院前沿科学重点研究计划项目(编号:QYZDY-SSW-DQC022);国家自然科学基金(批准号:41372001,41430102,41625005);科技部基础性工作专项(编号:2015FY310100-14);中国地层委员会(编号:DD20160120-04)资助~~

摘　　要：中国新近纪哺乳动物年代序列的研究已经有了很大的进展,然而,山旺期早期(20~18Ma)的哺乳动物化石记录却非常缺乏。报道了新疆准噶尔盆地北缘吃巴尔我义东地点索索泉组上部山旺期早期(18.6 Ma)的化石,包括早期欧亚大陆象类和早期鹿科动物。其中,嵌齿象的M2第二脊具有发育良好的副齿柱三叶,因此可以鉴定为原互棱齿象未定种(Protanancus sp.),属于铲齿象科(Amebelodontidae),形态上比山旺期晚期的短吻原互棱齿象(P. brevirostris)和托氏原互棱齿象(P. tobieni)原始。而鹿科的鹿角化石具有比较小但高的掌状部分,因此被鉴定为皇冠鹿未定种(Stephanocemas sp.),属于柄杯鹿亚科(Lagomerycinae)。通过形态学对比认为,该鹿角在系统演化上非常接近皇冠鹿和柄杯鹿(Lagomeryx)的分化位置,并与原始的卢瓦鹿(Ligeromeryx)相去不远。以往的研究证明,长鼻类和鹿科动物在中国出现在谢家期和山旺期之交,因此,巴尔我义东地点原互棱齿象和皇冠鹿的发现首次提供了在这一地区寻找长鼻类和鹿类的重要线索,并且有可能建立山旺阶的下界层型。新材料的层位过去在中国境内很少发现化石,因此有助于深入理解中国山旺期早期的哺乳动物面貌。The Chinese Neogene mammalian fauna sequence has been well established, except for a gap in the early Shanwangian(~20–18 Ma) for which there are few known records of fossil mammals in China. Hereby we report on a newly discovered fossiliferous horizon from the upper part of the Suosuoquan Formation(18.6 Ma), Chibaerwoyi East locality, northern Junggar Basin, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. In this locality, the occurrences of an early Eurasian proboscidean and an early cervid clearly indicate an early Shanwangian Age of the Early Miocene. The proboscidean check teeth are characterized by the well-developed posttrite trefoils on the second lophs. It was identified as Protanancus sp.(Amebelodontidae), which is morphologically more primitive than the late Shanwangian P. brevirostris and P. tobieni. The cervid antler is characterized by the relatively small yet high palm of the antler and relatively short tines. It was identified as Stephanocemas sp.(Lagomerycinae), which is phylogenetically very close to the dichotomy of Stephanocemas and Lagomeryx, and is morphologically close to the more ancestral Ligeromeryx. Previous studies have shown that both proboscideans and cervids occurred at the Xiejian/Shanwangian transition period. Therefore, the new materials of Protanancus sp. and Stephanocemas sp. give important clues to the first appearance data of proboscideans and cervids in this area, which facilitates establishing the lower stratotype of the Chinese Shanwangian. In conclusion, the new findings represent a rarely known stage of mammalian biostratigraphy in China and are helpful for understanding the faunal succession during the early Chinese Shanwangian.

关 键 词：准噶尔盆地 早中新世 山旺阶 索索泉组 原互棱齿象 皇冠鹿 

分 类 号：Q915.876[天文地球—古生物学与地层学] Q915.878[生物学—古生物学]