钩藤生物碱的组织化学定位研究  

Study on Histochemical Localization of Alkaloids in Uncaria Rhynchophylla

作　　者：阙云飞 王晓红[1] 吕享[1] 李雪[1] 杨胜伟 徐佳瑜 张明生[1] QUE Yun-fei;WANG Xiao-hong;LV Xiang;LI Xue;YANG Sheng-wei;XV Jia-yu;ZHANG Ming-sheng(College of Life Sciences,State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control,Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education),Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学生命科学学院/国家喀斯特石漠化防治工程技术研究中心山地植物资源保护与种质创新教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《山地农业生物学报》2019年第3期27-32,共6页Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology

基　　金：贵州省科技计划重大专项课题(黔科合平台人才[2017]5411-06);国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0502604);国家喀斯特石漠化防治工程技术研究中心建设项目(2012FU125X13);贵州省科技创新人才团队建设专项资金(黔科合平台人才[2016]5624);贵州省教育厅创新群体重大研究项目(黔教合KY字[2016]023);贵州省高层次创新型人才培养计划项目(黔科合人才[2015]4031号);贵州省中药材现代产业技术体系建设项目(GZCYTX-02)

摘　　要：利用石蜡切片、组织化学定位及生物碱含量测定技术,研究了钩藤营养器官的组织结构、总生物碱分布及含量。结果表明,钩藤根的次生结构发达,韧皮射线呈明显的喇叭口状;茎中维管射线排列整齐;叶片叶肉细胞分化为栅栏组织和海绵组织,叶脉次生结构不发达;钩是由枝变态发育而来,解剖结构与茎相同。钩藤生物碱的组织化学定位显示,钩藤全株均有生物碱分布,根中主要分布在次生韧皮部及次生木质部,茎和钩中主要分布在韧皮部和木质部及皮层薄壁细胞,叶中主要分布在韧皮部和木质部及叶肉细胞。钩藤生物碱含量以茎最高,根、叶片及钩次之。钩藤营养器官总生物碱的组织化学定位研究,可为该资源的充分开发利用总生物碱奠定理论和技术基础。The structure of vegetative organs of Uncaria rhynchophylla ,as well as total alkaloid content and distribution,were studied by paraffin sectioning,histochemical localization,and alkaloid content determination technique. The results showed that the secondary structure of U. rhynchophylla was well developed,and the phloem rays were obviously trumpet-like. The vascular ray in the stem was neatly arranged. The mesophyll cells of the leaves were differentiated into palisade tissue and sponge tissue,and the secondary veins were underdeveloped. The hook was metamorphosed from the branch and had the same anatomy as the stem. The histochemical localization of U. rhynchophylla alkaloids showed that alkaloids were distributed in the whole plant,and in the root,it was mainly distributed in the secondary phloem and secondary xylem. The alkaloids were distributed in the phloem,xylem and cortical parenchyma cells in the stems and hooks,while distributed in phloem,xylem and mesophyll cells in the leaves. The alkaloid content of U. rhynchophylla was the highest in stems,followed by roots,leaves and hooks. The histochemical localization of total alkaloids in the vegetative organs of U. rhynchophylla may lay a theoretical and technical foundation for the full development and utilization of this resource.

关 键 词：钩藤 营养器官 生物碱 组织化学定位 含量测定 

分 类 号：Q945.4[生物学—植物学]