不同外源物质对苹果果实生理和品质特性的影响  

Effects of Different Exogenous Substances on Physiological and Quality Characteristics of Apple Fruits

作　　者：杨静[1] 潘一展[1] YANG Jing;PAN Yizhan(College of Landscape Architecture,Shangqiu University,Shangqiu 476006,China)

机构地区：[1]商丘学院风景园林学院

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2019年第6期119-122,共4页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省重点科技攻关项目(132102210158)

摘　　要：为探讨一种安全有效提升苹果品质的方法,选择不同剂量萝卜粗提过氧化物酶(RsPOD)和水杨酸(SA)对苹果果实进行喷施,设5个处理,T1:15×10^6U/hm^2 RsPOD,T2:60×10^6U/hm^2 RsPOD,T3:15×10^6U/hm^2 RsPOD+2.0mmol/LSA,T4:60×10^6U/hm^2 RsPOD+2.0mmol/LSA,以清水为对照(CK),研究外施RsPOD和SA对苹果果实生理和品质特性的影响。结果表明,与CK相比,T1、T2、T3、T4处理降低了果实硬度,提高了果实过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和可溶性糖含量,降低了果实可滴定酸含量。其中,处理后90d,T3处理POD活性最高,达48.4U/g,是CK的2.19倍;SOD活性最高,达163.1U/g,是CK的1.71倍。处理后120d,T3处理可滴定酸含量为0.26%,比CK降低48.4%;可溶性糖含量比CK提高12.2%。表明外施RsPOD和SA能有效提高苹果果实生理和品质特性,以15×10^6U/hm^2 RsPOD+2.0mmol/LSA处理为最佳。In order to explore a safe and effective method for improving apple quality,apple fruit were sprayed with different doses of crude POD enzyme solution and salicylic acid(SA).Five treatments were established in this test,T1:15×10^6 U/ha RsPOD,T2:60×10^6 U/ha RsPOD,T3:15×10^6 U/ha RsPOD+ 2.0 mmol/L SA,T4:60×10^6 U/ha RsPOD+2.0 mmol/L SA,taking clear water as control(CK),and the effect of external RsPOD and SA on physiological and quality characteristics of apple fruit was studied .The results showed that,compared with CK,T1,T2,T3 and T4 treatments decreased fruit hardness,increased POD,SOD activity and soluble sugar content,and decreased titratable acid content of fruits.The T3 treatment,on 90 days,was able to produce 48.4 U/g POD activities,2.19 times that of CK.The SOD activities were also higher,with highest at 163.1 U/g,which was 1.71 times that of CK.And the T3 treatment,on 120 days,the titratable acid content was 0.26%,which was 48.4% lower than that of CK;the soluble sugar content increased by 12.2%.It was concluded that,external application of RsPOD and SA could improve the physiology and quality of apple fruits effectively,and the best choice was 15×10^6 U/ha RsPOD+2.0 mmol/L SA.

关 键 词：苹果 萝卜过氧化物酶 水杨酸 超氧化物歧化酶 品质 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]