不同玉米品种对土壤镉富集和转运的差异性  

Differences in cadmium accumulation and translocation in different Zea mays cultivars

作　　者：邓婷 吴家龙[1] 卢维盛[1] 官以战 李贵杰[1] 张秋华[1] 俞方玉 曾祖蕾 DENG Ting;WU Jia-long;LU Wei-sheng;GUAN Yi-zhan;LI Gui-jie;ZHANG Qiu-hua;YU Fang-yu;ZENG Zu-lei(College of Natural Resources and Environment,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Guangdong Jingdi Planning Technology Co.,Ltd,Guangzhou 510630,China;Qujiang District Agricultural Research Institute,Shaoguan 512100,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广州510642 [2]广东精地规划科技有限公司,广州510630 [3]韶关市曲江区农科所,广东韶关512100

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2019年第6期1265-1271,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41271266)~~

摘　　要：为进一步验证前期筛选出的6个镉(Cadmium, Cd)高、低积累玉米品种对土壤Cd富集和转运的差异性,通过田间试验,研究了6个不同玉米(Zea mays)品种对重金属Cd富集系数(Bio-concentration coefficient, BCF)和转运系数(Transfer coefficient, TF)的差异。结果表明:6个玉米品种在抽丝期和成熟期的根部及地上部生物量、根部、茎叶及籽粒Cd含量、富集系数、积累量和总富集量均存在显著的种间差异(P<0.05)。华彩糯3号和广红糯8号的成熟期茎叶Cd含量分别为16.38 mg·kg^-1和13.64 mg·kg^-1,茎叶Cd富集系数分别为7.45和6.20,Cd转运系数分别为1.88和3.02;籽粒Cd含量分别为0.65 mg·kg^-1和0.63 mg·kg^-1,超过了食品安全国家标准(GB 2762-2017)和饲料卫生标准(GB 13078-2017)限值。粤彩糯2号、华玉8号和广紫糯6号茎叶富集系数分别为2.07、1.39和1.85,籽粒Cd含量分别为0.19、0.17 mg·kg^-1和0.15 mg·kg^-1,高于GB 2762-2017但低于GB 13078-2017限值。仲糯1号茎叶和籽粒富集系数分别为1.85和0.032,玉米籽粒Cd含量为0.07 mg·kg^-1,符合GB 2762-2017。华彩糯3号和广红糯8号可作为Cd高富集玉米品种,不可用作粮食或饲料;仲糯1号可作为Cd低累积玉米品种,可用作粮食或饲料。The objectives of this study were to further test and verify the high and low Cd accumulation in maize cultivars screened in previous studies. A field experiment was conducted to discuss the differences in the characteristics of Cd accumulation and transport in six maize cultivars. The results showed that there were significant differences in root and shoot biomass, Cd content in roots, stems, and leaves,and in the Cd accumulation coefficients, accumulation, and total accumulation of the six maize cultivars during the silking and maturity stages(P<0.05). During maturity stages, the Cd contents in shoots of Huacainuo 3 and Guanghongnuo 8 were 16.38 mg·kg^-1 and 13.64 mg·kg^-1, the accumulation coefficients were 7.45 and 6.20, the transfer coefficients were 1.88 and 3.02, respectively. The contents of Cd in grain in Huacainuo 3 and Guanghongnuo 8 were 0.65 mg·kg^-1 and 0.63 mg·kg^-1, respectively, which were far exceeding national food hygiene standards(GB 2762-2017)and feed hygiene standards(GB 13078-2017). The Cd accumulation coefficients in shoots of Yuecainuo 2, Huayu 8 and Guangzinuo 6 were 2.07, 1.39 and 1.85, respectively. And their contents of Cd in grain were 0.19, 0.17 and 0.15, respectively, which were higher than the national food hygiene standards but lower than the national feed health standard. The accumulation coefficients of shoots and grain of Zhongnuo 1 were 1.85 and 0.032, respectively, and its Cd content in grain was 0.07 mg·kg^-1, which did not exceed the national food hygiene standard. Our results indicated that Huacainuo 3 and Guanghongnuo 8 could be used as high-accumulation maize cultivars but not for food or feed, while Zhongnuo 1 could be used as a high-accumulation maize cultivar for food or feed.

关 键 词：玉米品种 镉 累积 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]