建筑雪工程学研究方法综述  

Review of research methods in snow engineering for buildings

作　　者：范峰[1,2] 章博睿 张清文[1,2] 刘盟盟[2] 张国龙 莫华美[1,2] FAN Feng;ZHANG Borui;ZHANG Qingwen;LIU Mengmeng;ZHANG Guolong;MO Huamei(Key Lab of Structures Dynamic Behavior and Control of the Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090, China;Key Lab of Smart Prevention and Mitigation of Civil Engineering Disasters of the Ministry of Industry andInformation Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学结构工程灾变与控制教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [2]哈尔滨工业大学土木智能防灾减灾工业和信息化重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《建筑结构学报》2019年第6期1-13,共13页Journal of Building Structures

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51478147);国家杰出青年科学基金项目(51525802)

摘　　要：建筑雪工程学系指综合物理学、地球环境学、灾害学等交叉学科,从专业角度对建筑(群)及其周围环境冬季受降雪影响进行预测及研究,以抵御由雪灾诱发建筑物倒塌事故的一门学科。从该学科中主要的三种研究方法,即实地观测、试验研究以及数值模拟为切入点对三者的发展进行梳理与深入剖析。对于实地观测,总结了国外规范中考虑风致雪漂移和热力融雪等影响因素的研究历程与相应理论模型的建立,并指出今后我国实测工作应以对足尺建筑屋面积雪特性及其演变机理为重心;通过对近年来试验研究工作的概括总结,梳理了现今试验研究的四种手段,并明确了对应试验手段相似准则的建立与参数的选取,同时指出今后在我国建立专业风雪试验的必要性;通过对CFD数值模拟方法研究进展的回顾,总结了目前数值模拟已取得的成果与存在的不足,为考虑因素全面的新数值模拟方法的发展指明方向。Snow engineering for buildings is a new academic discipline,which aims to investigate and forecast the influence of snowfalls on buildings and surroundings as well as the possibility of the disaster such as buildings collapse induced by snow accumulation,based on interdisciplinary researches such as physics,geophysics and catastrophology etc. This paper presents an in-depth review and analysis on the development of three main research methods,namely,field measurement, experimental research and numerical simulation. In terms of the field measurement, the development and theoretical models of several important factors,including snow transport by wind and snow melt by heat transfer,are investigated;the focus of this method in China in the future is also pointed out. Four different research techniques involved in experiments and the establishment of their similarity criterions as well as the selection of relevant parameters are summarized,followed by the necessity of establishing the professional climatic wind tunnel for snow drift research. By reviewing the progress of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation method,the achievement of existing simulation methods and their potential shortcomings are summarized so as to show the direction of the future improvements in this research method.

关 键 词：建筑雪工程学 实地观测 风洞水槽(风雪联合)试验 CFD数值模拟 

分 类 号：TU312.1[建筑科学—结构工程]