不同孕期孕妇的步态特征  

Gait characteristics of pregnant women in different pregnancy periods

作　　者：陈雪梅[1] 王从笑 郭文玲[1] 马建林[3] 李伟 Chen Xuemei;Wang Congxiao;Guo Wenling;Ma Jianlin;Li Wei(Department of Obstetrics,Binzhou Central Hospital, Binzhou 251700, Shandong Province, China;Center for Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100144, China;Department of Emergency, Binzhou Central Hospital, Binzhou 251700, Shandong Province, China)

机构地区：[1]滨州市中心医院产科,山东省滨州市251700 [2]首都医科大学附属北京康复医院康复诊疗中心,北京市100144 [3]滨州市中心医院急诊科,山东省滨州市251700

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2019年第27期4310-4314,共5页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：背景:怀孕女性由于身体结构和激素水平的变化,其摔倒和摔伤的风险会明显高于未怀孕的同龄妇女。目前的研究显示步态特征的变化与跌倒的发生存在紧密的联系,因此关于不同孕期步态稳定性的研究对孕妇跌倒的预防具有重要的意义。目的:通过分析不同孕期孕妇的步态特征,探讨孕妇在不同妊娠阶段维持步态稳定性的侧重点,为预防孕妇跌倒的发生提供参考建议。方法:研究经过滨州市中心医院伦理委员会审批通过(审批号:2018-039)。采集20名妊娠妇女(妊娠组)和20名未妊娠的同龄妇女(对照组)步态运动学数据,所有受试者均签署知情同意书。妊娠组采集时间分为3个阶段进行,即孕12周内(早期妊娠),>12-28周(中期妊娠)和>28-40周(晚期妊娠)。使用便携式步态分析系统测试受试者的步态参数。结果与结论:①随着妊娠月份的增加,患者的部分步态参数与妊娠前相比,有明显的统计学差异;②早期妊娠妇女与健康对照组的步态数据差异均无显著性意义(P>0.005);③孕中期妇女与健康对照组相比,其步速明显降低,跨步长明显变短,左下肢步长变短,右下肢步长变短,双腿支撑时间明显延长;孕晚期妇女与健康对照组相比,其步速同样明显降低,跨步长明显变短,左下肢步长变短,右下肢步长变短,步态周期时间明显延长,双腿支撑时间明显延长;而这些变化则是为了更好维持孕妇的稳定性,防止孕妇的跌倒发生。BACKGROUND: Pregnant women have a significantly higher risk of falls than non-pregnant women of the same age due to changes in body structure and hormone levels. Existing studies have shown that there is a close relationship between the change of gait characteristics and the occurrence of falls. Therefore, studying gait stability in different gestational periods has a great significance for the prevention of falls in pregnant women.OBJECTIVE: To explore the gait characteristics of pregnant women in different gestational stages, and to provide suggestions for preventing the occurrence of falls of pregnant women.METHODS: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Binzhou Central Hospital, approval No. 2018-039. The data of 20 pregnant women(pregnant group) and 20 non-pregnant women(control group) were collected. Gait kinematics data were collected in three stages:≤12 weeks(early-term pregnancy),> 12-28 weeks(mid-term pregnancy) and > 28-40 weeks(late-term pregnancy). The gait characteristics of pregnant women in different gestational periods were discussed through the change of gait parameters.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) There were significant differences in some gait parameters between patients before and after pregnancy.(2) There was no significant difference in gait data between early pregnant women and healthy controls(P > 0.005).(3) The pregnant women in mid-term pregnancy showed the reduced walking speed, shorter stride length, shorter step length;longer support time when compared with healthy control group for late pregnancy, compared with healthy control group, women’s also shown the reduced speed, longer stride length;longer step length and longer of gait cycle time. These changes are to maintain the stability of pregnant women, and to prevent falls.

关 键 词：孕妇 不同孕期 早期妊娠 中期妊娠 晚期妊娠 步态分析 跌倒 步态稳定性 

分 类 号：R446[医药卫生—诊断学]