柔性辟谷技术改善强戒所戒毒人员心理成瘾性的探索研究  

Preliminary Study on the Improvement of Flexible Fasting Technology on Psychologic Addiction of Detoxification Trainees in a Compulsory Isolation Drug Rehabilitation Center

作　　者：苏玉顺 闵霞 卢一鸣 巩文静 薛烨 高大文 李志慧 刘威 李向阳 张成岗 SU Yushun;LI Xiangyang;ZHANG Chenggang(Cognitive and Mental Health Research Center,Institute of Radiation Medicine,Academy of Military Medical Sciences,Academy of Military Sciences,Beijing, 100850,China)

机构地区：[1]军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,全军军事认知与心理卫生研究中心,北京100850 [2]山西省太原市第二人民医院,山西太原030002 [3]山西省太原市强制隔离戒毒所,山西太原030041

出　　处：《中国社会医学杂志》2019年第3期263-268,共6页Chinese Journal of Social Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81371232)

摘　　要：目的研究为期7天的柔性辟谷技术干预对强制隔离戒毒所戒毒人员心理状况、毒品渴求以及肠道菌群的影响。方法通过戒毒所招募30名强戒人员作为研究对象,进行为期7天的柔性辟谷技术干预,分析干预前和干预后症状自评量表(SCL-90)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、意志力量表和毒品渴求量表各项得分变化。通过肠道菌群16SrDNA测序,分析强戒人员干预前、干预后和恢复饮食一周后的肠道菌群多样性和组成结构变化。结果干预前后,强戒人员SCL-90量表各项目得分变化、SAS和意志力量表得分变化均不具统计学意义(P>0.05);毒品渴求量表总均分和“渴求频率”干预后显著下降(P<0.05),“毒品影响”和“毒品失控”变化不显著(P>0.05),其中海洛因成瘾组总均分和“毒品影响”显著下降(P<0.05),冰毒成瘾组各项目得分变化均不显著(P>0.05)。恢复饮食一周后,肠道菌群多样性指数Chao和Shannon显著升高(P<0.05)。干预后和恢复饮食一周后,肠道菌群门分类水平和属分类水平部分细菌相对丰度发生显著改变。结论为期7天的柔性辟谷干预可帮助强戒人员改善毒品心理渴求状况,不同吸毒种类改善效果有所差异。经过柔性辟谷技术干预后,强戒人员肠道菌群丰富度和多样性显著提高,肠道菌群组成得到优化,可能与毒品成瘾改善有关。Objective To study the effects of 7-day flexible fasting technology on psychological status,drug cra- ving and gut flora of the detoxification trainees in the compulsory isolation drug rehabilitation center. Methods 30 detoxification trainees in a compulsory isolation drug rehabilitation center were recruited as volunteers to receive the treatment of flexible fasting for 7 days.Before and after the flexible fasting intervention,the volunteers were tested by the symptom checklist(SCL-90),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),willpower checklist and drug craving scale.By 16S rDNA sequencing of gut flora,the diversity and composition of gut flora were analyzed before,after intervention and after one-week resumption of diet. Results After 7 days' flexible fasting,the change of each item score of SCL-90 showed no statistically significance( P >0.05).The anxiety score and willpower score changed insignificantly,too.In the drug craving scale,the total average score and"craving frequency"in drug craving scale significantly decreased( P <0.05).The change of "drug impact" and "drug without control" were not significant( P >0.05).Heroin group's total average score and "drug impact" significantly decreased( P <0.05),and methamphetamine group's each item score of drug craving scale showed no significant changes( P >0.05).After one-week resumption of diet,Chao and Shannon,the diversity index of gut flora,increased significantly( P <0.05).After intervention and after one-week resumption of diet,the relative abundance of partial bacteria in the gut changed significantly at the taxonomic level of phylum and the taxonomic level of genus. Conclusion The 7-day flexible fasting intervention may help the detoxification trainees to improve their status of psychological drug craving,and the improvement of different drug types are different.After intervention,the richness and diversity of gut flora were significantly increased,and the composition of gut flora was changed,which is probably related with the drug addiction.

关 键 词：毒品 心理依赖 柔性辟谷 肠道菌群 菌心说 

分 类 号：B845[哲学宗教—心理学] R395.1[医药卫生—医学心理学]