我国老年人家庭护理需求现状及影响因素调查  

A Survey of Family Nursing Needs and Influencing Factors among the Elderly in China

作　　者：刘晓芳[1] 吕晓玲 LIU Xiaofang;LV Xiaoling(Union Medical College Jiangbei Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(People's Hospital of Caidian District),Wuhan, 430100,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学协和江北医院(武汉市蔡甸区人民医院)

出　　处：《中国社会医学杂志》2019年第3期278-281,共4页Chinese Journal of Social Medicine

基　　金：武汉市卫计委科研基金项目(2016-1255

摘　　要：目的了解我国老年人家庭护理需求现状并分析家庭相关影响因素,为老年人家庭护理服务系统的构建完善提供相关依据。方法于2017年1月-2018年1月采用多阶段方式选取我国10个地区县,并以随机抽样的方式每个地区各选取100名符合纳入条件的老年人695例作为研究对象,通过调查问卷的形式了解我国老年人家庭护理需求现状及影响因素。结果老年人护理服务需求得分排在前三位的依次为:经济保障需求、精神道德需求及生理健康需求,得分分别为4.66±1.09,3.80±0.91及3.68±1.05分;经济保障需求、精神道德及生理健康需求所属条目得分排在前三位的为:护理服务采用非营利性收费标准、将护理服务收费纳入社区医疗保险范畴及家庭支持,得分分别为4.10±0.95,3.96±1.01及3.90±0.98分;多因素Logistic回归分析结果表明,老年人家庭护理服务需求在不同家庭人均月收入、收入来源及年龄方面,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论我国家庭护理服务需求现状结构的认识与实际需求有一定差异,通过分析结构现状及影响因素,探讨研究深层次的潜在因素,针对性地为老年人的家庭护理提供更贴切的改进是改善老年人家庭需求服务的重要手段和关键措施。Objective To understand the current situation of family nursing needs of the elderly in China,and to analyze and summarize the family-related influencing factors,and then provide relevant evidence for the construction of the elderly family nursing service system. Methods From January 2017 to January 2018,we selected 10 districts and counties in China through multi-stage method,and recruited 695 elderly people who met the inclusion criteria in each region by random sampling.Questionnaire investigation was conducted to understand the current situation and influencing factors of the elderly family care needs in China. Results Senior care service demand score ranked in the top three were economic security needs(4.66±1.09),moral ethics(3.80±0.91)and physical health needs(3.68±1.05);the top three scores for economic security needs,moral ethics and physical health needs were the nursing service adopts the non-profit charging standard(4.10±0.95),the nursing service fee was included in the community medical insurance category(3.96±1.01)and family support(3.90±0.98).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the elderly family demand for nursing services was statistically associated with the monthly income,income source and age of the family( P <0.05). Conclusion The current status of the demand for home care services in China is different from the actual needs.By analyzing the status quo and influencing factors,we will explore the underlying potential factors,and provide more appropriate improvements for the elderly home care which are the important means and key measures for people's needs and services.

关 键 词：老年人 家庭护理 服务需求 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R473.2