撤县(市)设区对城市公共服务配置和空间布局的影响与作用机理  

Influence and Mechanism of "Turning Counties (Cities) into Districts" on Urban Public Service Allocation and Spatial Layout

作　　者：陈妤凡 王开泳[1] CHEN Yufan;WANG Kaiyong(Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所/区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,中国北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,中国北京100049

出　　处：《经济地理》2019年第5期76-86,共11页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41471126、41871151)

摘　　要：撤县(市)设区作为中心城区拓展发展空间、优化整合资源的重要手段,对城市公共服务资源供需调配和空间重组带来的明显的影响。以杭州市为例,定量测度撤县(市)设区前后杭州公共服务水平时空变化特征以及公共服务设施的空间分布格局,并探讨这一区划调整影响城市公共服务供给和配置变化的作用机理。研究发现:撤县(市)设区对新设区的公共服务水平提升有一定的促进作用,但新老城区之间的公共服务差距仍然存在。公共服务设施建设具有滞后性,在城市规划的指导下现已由城市中心向外围等级扩散,且在新设区内已初步呈现集聚点。基于领域重构理论,城市规划修编、地方自主权变化及辖区功能转变等均会对城市公共服务资源供需产生影响,且这一机制在重点分析了撤县(市)设区的正向促进效应以后,更是为各个因素在影响城市公共服务变化时的作用效力提供解释。As a centralized metropolitan area management method,"Turning Counties (Cities) into Districts" plays a very important role in expanding the development space of central urban areas, optimizing and integrating resources. It also has a significant impact on supply and demand allocation and spatial reorganization of urban public service resources. Taking Hangzhou as a research area, this paper quantitatively measures the urban public service level before and after "Turning Counties (Cities) into Districts" by using DID (Difference in difference) method, studies the spatial distribution of urban public service facilities based on POI data and relevant GIS spatial analysis methods, and discusses the mechanism of this adjustment affecting the supply and distribution of urban public services. The results shows that: 1)"Turning Counties (Cities) into Districts" has a certain role in promoting the level of public services in the new districts, and in different fields of education, medical care and pension, but there exists a difference in public service between the old districts and the new. Compared with Xiaoshan district and Yuhang district, the promotion of public service level in Yuhang district is more obvious. 2) The gap of public service level between the new and old districts has been narrowed after "Turning Counties (Cities) into Districts". However, due to the lag of public service facilities construction, the disparity and inequalities still exist between the old and new districts. The agglomeration degree of different public service facilities in Xiaoshan district and Yuhang district is different, and it is still low compared with the central urban area. 3) The construction of public service system in Hangzhou is paying more attention to the construction of urban sub centers and cluster centers. Under the guidance of urban planning, the public service agglomeration area has spread from the city center to the periphery and has initially appeared agglomeration point in the new districts. 4) Based on the theory

关 键 词：撤县(市)设区 行政区划调整 城市公共服务 教育与医疗 公共服务均等化 POI 杭州 

分 类 号：F061.5[经济管理—政治经济学]