1912—1949年京津冀地区的生态灾害研究  

Analysis of Ecological Disasters in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region from 1912 to 1949

作　　者：胡旭 王朝旭 张连伟[1] HU Xu;WANG Zhao-xu;ZHANG Lian-wei(School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Beijing Forestry University,100083,P. R.China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学人文社会科学学院

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第2期92-97,共6页Journal of Beijing Forestry University ：Social Sciences

基　　金：北京市社科基金项目“近代以来永定河流域生态环境变迁研究”(16LSB008);科技部科技基础性工作专项“中国森林典籍志书资料整编研究”(2014FY120500)

摘　　要：生态灾害是由于自然生态系统异常变化而对人类及其周围环境造成的破坏。1912—1949年京津冀地区生态灾害频发,多种灾害交替甚至交织发生,水旱灾害尤重,衍生灾害和次生灾害显著。生态灾害的发生是自然生态、社会政治等多种因素叠加和相互作用的结果,其中人口增加、气候变化、政局动荡、战争破坏以及社会治理能力不足等因素都是生态灾害发生的具体诱因。这些因素导致的生态灾害进一步恶化了京津冀地区的生态环境,社会经济遭受严重损失,人民生活困苦,但也提升了社会公众的防灾救灾意识,促进了现代防灾救灾科学技术的引进和防灾救灾制度的建立,为我国的防灾救灾积累了历史经验教训。Ecological disasters are a kind of damage to human and its surrounding environment due to the abnormal change of natural ecosystem. From 1912 to 1949,there were frequent ecological disasters in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,and many kinds of disasters alternated or even interweaved. Floods and droughts were especially severe, and derived disasters and secondary disasters were significant.Ecological disasters are the result of the superposition and interaction of various factors such as natural ecology and social politics,among which political instability,destruction of war,inadequate social governance capacity can directly induce the disasters.These ecological disasters further exacerbate the ecological environment in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. The social economy had suffered serious losses resulted in the people's hardlife.However,it has promoted the public's awareness of disaster prevention and relief,and accelerated the introduction and establishment of modern science and technology for disaster prevention and relief. Meanwhile,it has accumulated historical experiences and lessons for the new China's disaster prevention and relief.

关 键 词：民国 京津冀 生态灾害 

分 类 号：K265[历史地理—历史学]