新医改后药品价格形成及其影响因素研究  

Study on the formation of drug prices and its influencing factors after the new medical reform

作　　者：宋燕[1,2] Song Yan

机构地区：[1]山东省医药卫生科技信息研究所 [2]山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院)

出　　处：《价格理论与实践》2019年第2期41-44,共4页Price:Theory & Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71503149);山东省医药卫生科技发展项目(2015WS0174);山东省医学科学院医药卫生科技创新工程的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：建立科学合理的药价形成机制,是我国推进药品价格改革和深化医药卫生体制改革的重要内容。对药品价格改革的成效及其影响进行评估,是当前改革背景下的一项重要课题。本文从政策影响评估与制度优化的视角出发,利用quasi-hedonic价格模型,基于山东省的实证数据,重点对药品价格形成机制改革对药品价格的影响进行了探讨,为更好地发挥价格机制的调控提供参考。研究结果表明:产品特征、市场竞争以及政府管制因素都会影响药品价格形成;取消政府定价管制后,不同属性的药品对政策的反应有所不同,低价药品的价格有明显上升,原研药品的价格有所降低;医疗保险政策和基本药物政策发挥出了较强的价格约束作用,是药品价格形成的关键;在控制其他因素的情况下,市场竞争(尤其是通用名替代竞争)有助于降低药品价格。据此,本文提出对市场竞争充分的药品,政府放开药价,简政放权,能充分发挥市场资源配置的作用,建议后续进一步推进仿制药一致性评价、促进市场良性竞争,同时完善医疗保险付费机制和药品价格市场监督机制。Establishing a scientific and rational drug price formation mechanism is an important part of China’s efforts to promote price reform and deepen the reform of the medical and health system. Appropriate assessment of the effectiveness and impact of drug price reforms is an important topic in the current reform context. From the perspective of policy impact assessment and institutional optimization, this paper uses the quasi-hedonic price model,based on the empirical data of Shandong Province, to focus on the impact of drug price formation mechanism reform on drug prices, in order to better play the price mechanism. Provide guidance for regulation. The research results show that product characteristics, market competition and government control factors will affect the formation of drug prices. After the government pricing control is abolished, the drugs of different properties have different responses to the policies. The price of low-priced drugs has increased significantly. There is a reduction;the medical insurance policy and the basic drug policy play a strong price constraint, which is the key to the formation of drug prices;in the case of controlling other factors, market competition(especially the universal name substitution competition) helps to reduce Drug price. Based on this, this paper proposes drugs that are fully competitive in the market. The government liberalizes drug prices, decentralizes power, and can fully play the role of market resource allocation. It is recommended to further promote the consistency evaluation of generic drugs, promote healthy market competition,and improve medical insurance. Payment mechanism and drug price market supervision mechanism.

关 键 词：药品价格改革 药品价格形成机制 Quasi-hedonic模型 

分 类 号：R95[医药卫生—药学]