2014—2017年郑州市居民脑卒中流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological analysis of stroke in Zhengzhou between 2014 and 2017

作　　者：孙文慧[1] 李建彬[1] 冯石献[2] 李国伟[1] 王松强[1] 陈欣然[1] SUN Wen - hui;LI Jian - bin;FENG Shi - xian;LI Guo - wei;WANG Song - qiang;CHEN Xin - ran(Zhengzhou Center For Disease Control And Prevention, Zhengzhou 450007,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州市疾病预防控制中心慢病所,河南郑州450007 [2]河南省疾病预防控制中心慢病所,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《广东医学》2019年第11期1584-1588,共5页Guangdong Medical Journal

基　　金：河南省科技发展计划项目(编号:162102310226);河南省科技攻关项目(编号:192102310125)

摘　　要：目的了解2014—2017年郑州市居民脑卒中的流行病学特征。方法利用“河南省慢性病监测管理系统”和“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”收集2014—2017年郑州市户籍居民脑卒中的发病和死亡数据,对4年间郑州市脑卒中的流行病学特征进行描述性分析。结果2014—2017年郑州市户籍居民脑卒中年均报告发病率和死亡率分别为612.55/10万(标化率351.52/10万)和87.84/10万(标化率57.48/10万)。年均发病率男性为685.87/10万,女性为535.14/10万,年均死亡率男性为96.68/10万,女性为73.34./10万,男性发病、死亡均高于女性。随年龄增长,脑卒中发病率和死亡率均呈上升趋势,60岁以下年龄组发病率和死亡率低于60岁以上年龄组,60岁以后明显增加。发病类型主要为缺血性脑卒中,缺血性脑卒中发病率是出血性脑卒中的6.57倍。缺血性和出血性脑卒中的死亡率无明显差异。脑梗死为主要的发病和死亡类型,脑出血发病率(69.45/10万)和死亡率(25.89/10万)位居第二,蛛网膜下腔出血年均发病率(8.99/10万)最低,未分类脑卒中年均死亡率(8.59/10万)最低。不同季节缺血性和出血性脑卒中的发病构成有所差异,缺血性脑卒中春夏季多发,出血性脑卒中冬季高发。缺血性和出血性脑卒中死亡率均为冬季最高。结论应根据不同类型的脑卒中,结合季节变化,制定有针对性的防控措施。脑卒中发病和死亡均随年龄增长而上升,60岁以后明显上升,应加强对中老年男性人群的健康教育、社区干预和筛查,以减少脑卒中的发生和死亡。Objective To assess the epidemiological characteristics of stroke in Zhengzhou City during 2014 - 2017.Methods All data of stroke monitoring cases in Zhengzhou reported by Henan Province Chronic Disease Surveil- lance System and China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention in 2014 - 2017 were collected to analyze the morbidity and mortality.A database was established by Excel 2007 software,and SPSS 13.0 was used for descriptive analysis and chi - square test.Results During the 4 years,the incidence of stroke reported in Zhengzhou was 612. 55 / 10,000,and the annual mortality was 87. 84 /10,000.The male morbidity and mortality of stroke were higher than fe- male.The incidence and mortality of stroke increased with age,especially for residents aged over 60.The major type of incidence was ischemic stroke,which was 6. 57 times higher than that of hemorrhagic stroke.The incidence and mortality of cerebral infarction were highest,followed by hematencephalon.Ischemic stroke mostly occurred in spring and summer while hemorrhagic stroke mostly occurred in winter.The most deaths caused by ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke were in winter.Conclusion According to seasonal variation and patterns of incidence in different age ranges for different stroke types,targeted prevention and control measures should be established.

关 键 词：脑卒中 发病率 变化趋势 死亡率 

分 类 号：R181.37[医药卫生—流行病学] R181.32[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]