从涨退水看鄱阳湖水位-湖面面积关系  

Relationship between Water Level and Area Based on Water Fluctuating in Poyang Lake

作　　者：曾少龙 赖格英[1,2] 杨涛[1] ZENG Shaolong;LAI Geying;YANG Tao(School of Geography and Environment,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022,China;Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research,Ministry of Education,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022,China)

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学地理与环境学院,江西南昌330022 [2]鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室,江西南昌330022

出　　处：《水文》2019年第3期46-51,共6页Journal of China Hydrology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41561101);国家重点基础研究发展计划“973”项目(2012CB417003);江西省重大生态安全问题监控协同创新中心项目(JXS-EW-00)

摘　　要：鄱阳湖是我国最大的淡水湖,鄱阳湖水位-面积关系对研究鄱阳湖生态环境的变化具有重要意义。目前研究所建立的鄱阳湖水位-面积关系各异,存在一定的不确定性,其原因在于忽略了涨退水对鄱阳湖水位与面积的影响。在考虑鄱阳湖涨水与退水过程的基础上,利用鄱阳湖2000~2014年实测水位数据与对应的遥感影像数据,分析了鄱阳湖同一水位出现多个水面面积情况下湖泊不同面积的空间分布及其成因,并对鄱阳湖水面面积与水位关系的不确定性进行了分析。研究结果表明:(1)鄱阳湖水面面积与水位关系存在不确定性,主要受鄱阳湖涨水与退水过程中鄱阳湖水面比降不同的影响;(2)在同一水位条件下,涨水过程中鄱阳湖水面面积往往大于退水过程的水面面积,同时水面面积的增减变化与涨水退水的幅度变化趋势呈一致性;(3)涨水与退水过程对鄱阳湖水位与面积的影响主要表现在中低水位,随着水位增长到高水位时,这种影响会越来越小。Poyang Lake is the largest freshwater lake in China.The relationship between the water level and the area of the Poyang Lake is of great significance in studying the changes of the ecological environment in the Poyang Lake.At present,the research on the relationship between Poyang Lake water level and area is different,and there are some uncertainties with ignoring the influence of water fluctuating on the water level and area of the Poyang Lake.Based on the consideration of water fluctuating,this paper analyzed the spatial distribution and causes of different areas of lakes under the condition of multiple surface areas of the same water level in the Poyang Lake,and studied the uncertainty of the relationship between the surface area and water level by using the measured level data of the Poyang Lake during 2000-2014 and the corresponding remote sensing image data.The results show that:(1)The relationship between the surface area and water level in the Poyang Lake is uncertain,which is mainly affected by the different water surface slope in the water fluctuating process in the Poyang Lake;(2)Under the same water level,the surface area of the Poyang Lake in the water rising process is often larger than that in the water falling process,and the changes on the variation of water surface area are consistent with those of the water fluctuating range;(3)The effects of water rising and water falling processes on the water level and area of the Poyang Lake are mainly at the low and middle water level.The water level rises with less impacts.

关 键 词：鄱阳湖 涨退水 水面面积 湖泊水位 

分 类 号：K903[历史地理—人文地理学]