单多普勒雷达对一次龙卷过程的观测和分析  

Observations and analysis of the tornado by the single Doppler radar

作　　者：朱颖墨 段长春[3] 潘玉洁[2] ZHU Yingmo;DUAN Changchun;PAN Yujie(College of Atmospheric Sciences,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,China;School of Atmospheric Sciences,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Yunnan Meteorological Research Institute,Kunming 650034,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学资源环境与地球科学学院,昆明650091 [2]南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,南京210044 [3]云南省气象科学研究所,昆明650034

出　　处：《气象科学》2019年第3期405-412,共8页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41205029);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2013CB430103;2013CB430102);云南气候容量定量评估研究(CCSF201508)

摘　　要：本文利用泰州S波段多普勒雷达观测资料和探空、地面资料对2013年7月7日发生在江苏高邮的一次龙卷过程进行分析讨论。此次龙卷过程由超级单体风暴引发,环境分析显示高邮地区低层位于急流辐合区,高层位于急流辐散区,有利于对流发展。龙卷发生前具有强对流不稳定度和中等风切变。雷达回波资料分析显示超级单体在成熟阶段出现明显的钩状回波,有界回波区以及悬垂回波的特征。旋转速度最强时,有龙卷产生,之后超级单体进入消亡过程。底层强垂直风切变和垂直速度不均匀分布,有利于激发龙卷天气的发生或者促进龙卷天气的维持发展。The single Doppler radar data,sounding and surface observations of Taizhou,on July 7,2013 were used to analyze the tornado near Gaoyou,Jiangsu Province.This tornado was induced by the supercell storm.The environment analysis showed that the low level of Gaoyou was located at the convergence area of jet,and the high level at the divergence area of jet,which provided a favorable condition for the development of convection.Before the tornado occurred,there are strong convective instability and moderate wind shear.Radar echo data analysis showed that the supercell had obvious hook echoes,bounded echo regions and overhanging echoes at the maturity stage.When the rotation speed reached the fastest,a tornado was generated,and then the supercell began to extinct.The uneven distribution of strong vertical wind shear and vertical velocity at the bottom,is conducive to inducing the tornado or promoting its sustainable development.

关 键 词：超级单体 龙卷 钩状回波 龙卷涡旋特征 多普勒雷达 

分 类 号：P412.25[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]