棉花基肥对行分层深施机的设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Cotton Basal Fertilizer Alignment Row Spacing and Stratified Fertilizing Machine

作　　者：何义川[1,2,3] 汤智辉 温浩军[1,3] 郑炫 李建军[2] 杨怀君 刘进宝[1,3] 赵岩 HE Yi-chuan;TANG Zhi-hui;WEN Hao-jun;ZHENG Xuan;LI Jian-jun;YANG Huai-jun;LIU Jin-bao;ZHAO Yan(Machinery Equipment Research Institute,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science,Shihezi Xinjiang 832000,China;College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Tarim University,Alar Xinjiang 843300,China;Key Laboratory of Northwest Agricultural Equipment of Ministry of Agriculture,Shihezi Xinjiang 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院机械装备研究所,新疆石河子832000 [2]塔里木大学机械电气化工程学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]农业部西北农业装备重点实验室,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2019年第3期528-536,共9页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200604,2016YFD0200705,2017YFD0201904);塔里木大学校长基金项目(TDZKYS201701)~~

摘　　要：【目的】研究北斗导航拖拉机自动驾驶系统进行肥料的对行深施。【方法】采用样机田间试验。【结果】平均施肥量为21.4kg/667m^2,变异系数为4.0%,施肥量比较稳定。肥料分层深施效果方面,深层肥料平均深度为19.8cm,浅层肥料平均深度为12.5cm,可以有效满足实际生产作业。【结论】该机主要由开沟分层施肥装置、覆土装置、排肥装置、限深行走轮等组成,可一次性完成对行开沟、分层施肥和覆土作业。【Objective】 In the light of the unscientific method of fertilization in the process of cotton planting,the traditional fertilizer application is large and the utilization rate is low,which causes soil pollution and so on.【Method】 In combination with the agronomic characteristics of cotton planting,the fertilizer utilization rate and crop yield can be improved by reducing the fertilizer and using the fertilizer accurately..In this paper,a cotton base fertilizer counter row delamination deep applicator has been developed.In order to combine the fertilizer reduction and efficiency with the mechanized fertilization of cotton,a kind of deep application of cotton base fertilizer mechanization based on the Beidou navigation technology was put forward,and the layered deep application of the base fertilizer in the direction of cotton planting was carried out.A delamination deep sizing machine for cotton base fertilizer was developed.【Result】 The experimental results showed that the average fertilizer amount per mu was 21.4 kg,the coefficient of variation was 4.0%,and the amount of fertilizer was stable.In terms of fertilizer depth,the average depth of deep fertilizer was 19.8 cm,and the average depth of shallow fertilizer was 12.5 cm,which could effectively meet the actual production operation.【Conclusion】 The machine was mainly composed of delamination fertilization device,soil covering device,fertilizer arrangement device,and deep walking wheel.The field test of the prototype used Beidou navigation tractor automatic driving system to carry on the deep application of fertilizer.

关 键 词：施肥机械 分层深施 对行施肥 

分 类 号：S224.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]