从3起错误法医学鉴定意见谈法医学鉴定意见的审查  

Examination of Forensic Expertise Opinions from 3 Case of Wrong Forensic Expertise

作　　者：尚敏[1] 张俊涛 潘新民[3] SHANG Min;ZHANG Jun-tao;PAN Xin-min(Medical Imaging Department,Luoyang 202 Hospital of China Airborne Missile Academy,Luoyang 471003,China;Key laboratory of Evidence Law and Forensic Science,Ministry of Evidence,Beijing 100088,China;School of Forensic Medicine,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空空导弹研究院洛阳二〇二医院放射科,河南洛阳471003 [2]证据科学教育部重点实验室(中国政法大学),北京100088 [3]河南科技大学法医学院,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《河南科技大学学报（医学版）》2019年第2期150-152,共3页Journal of Henan University of Science & Technology:Medical Science

基　　金：证据科学教育部重点实验室(中国政法大学)KFKT03课题

摘　　要：目的探讨法医学鉴定意见文证审查在避免冤假错案中的作用。方法回顾性分析3例典型案例的医疗就诊过程、临床检查、法医学鉴定意见和案件纠错过程,探讨案件中检察机关文证审查的作用。结果案例1中因鼻骨粉碎性骨折,多发软组织损伤,CT片示鼻梁略向右偏,双侧鼻骨见模糊线样低密度影,端面圆钝,毗邻鼻腔黏膜无肿胀,但鉴定为轻伤二级。案例2右眼钝挫伤,右侧眼眶内侧壁骨折,先鉴定为轻微伤。后又以“所受外伤致右眼视野半径10°”鉴定为重伤二级。案例3鉴定单位仅依据送检的CT材料结合体表检查,评定肋骨骨折为轻伤二级。结论法医学鉴定意见的审查中要进行原发伤情与既往疾病或损伤的审查、主观检查与客观检查的审查、病历资料与检查所见的审查、鉴定意见与鉴定材料来源的审查,以避免冤假错案的发生。Objective To explore the role of documentary examination of forensic expertise in avoiding unjust,false and wrong cases. Methods The medical consultation process,clinical examination,forensic expertise and case correction process were retrospectively analyzed in three typical cases,and the role of the procuratorial organs in document review was analyzed. Results Case one had multiple soft tissue injuries due to comminuted fracture of nasal bone;CT showed slightly right deviation of nasal bridge,blurred linear low density shadow on bilateral nasal bones,round and blunt end face,no swelling of nasal mucosa adjacent to nasal cavity,but it was identified as minor injury.Right eye blunt contusion and medial orbital wall fracture in case two was first identified as slight injury.And then,"10 degrees of visual field radius of the right eye caused by trauma" was identified as the second grade of severe trauma.The appraisal unit assessed the rib fracture as the second grade of minor injury only according to CT material and body surface examination in case three. Conclusion In the examination of forensic expertise opinions,it is necessary to examine the condition of primary injury and previous diseases or injuries,subjective and objective examinations, medical history and examinations records,and sources of expertise opinions and expertise materials in order to avoid the occurrence of unjust and false cases.

关 键 词：法医学鉴定意见 证据审查 检察机关 主诉 客观检查 

分 类 号：D919.4[医药卫生—法医学]