家鼠对不同毒鼠屋中毒饵取食情况的比较  

Comparison on consumption of bait placed in poison rat boxes made of different materials

作　　者：熊华威[1,2] 叶健 廖玉学 梅树江[1] 朱毅朝[3] 陈戊申 XIONG Hua-wei;YE Jian;LIAO Yu-xue;MEI Shu-jiang;ZHU Yi-chao;CHEN Wu-shen(Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055 , China;Shenzhen FETP - 4 Training Program, Shenzhen 518055 , China;Shenzhen City Administration Bureau,Shenzhen 518000, China;Shenzhen Nanshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518050, China;Shenzhen Luohu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenzhen 518020, China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518055 [2]深圳市第四期现场流行病培训项目,广东深圳518055 [3]深圳市城市管理局,广东深圳518000 [4]深圳市南山区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518050 [5]深圳市罗湖区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518020

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2019年第3期209-212,共4页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：深圳市城市管理局科研项目(编号:201721)

摘　　要：目的比较家栖鼠类对水泥制、塑料制以及复合材料制毒鼠屋之间取食率、取食量和毒饵逸出率的差别,为深圳市采购毒鼠屋使用提供科学指南。方法选取罗湖区黄贝岭街道下村和深圳市人民医院及宿舍区为实验点,每个实验点布放49组毒鼠屋,每组由1个水泥毒鼠屋和1个塑料毒鼠屋或复合材料毒鼠屋组成,两屋相距0.5 m按规范布放,组间距5 m。每个毒鼠屋每天保持30 g灭鼠毒饵,每天观察、记录及更换毒饵,其中黄贝岭下村观察15 d,人民医院观察14 d。采用χ~2检验、非参数检验等统计学方法比较毒饵溢出率、进屋率、取食率及取食量的差异显著性。结果黄贝岭下村实验点中水泥和塑料毒鼠屋毒饵溢出率分别是28.25%和26.81%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);水泥和塑料毒鼠屋平均进屋率分别是46.94%和18.78%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);水泥和塑料毒鼠屋取食率分别是35.24%和16.46%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。深圳市人民医院实验点中水泥屋和复合材料屋的溢出率分别为14.07%和14.28%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);水泥屋和复合材料屋的进屋率分别是28.86%和10.20%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),水泥屋和复合材料屋的取食率分别为15.01%和3.06%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。水泥、塑料及复合材料屋取食量的得分的差异具有统计学意义,水泥屋的取食效果明显好于塑料屋和复合材料屋。结论在住宅区室外投毒饵灭鼠时,家栖鼠类对水泥毒鼠屋的接受性及屋中毒饵的取食率及取食量明显优于塑料毒鼠屋和复合材料毒鼠屋。Objective To compare the difference of feeding rate,consumption and spillage rate of poisonous bait placed in the boxes made of cement,plastic and composite material,and provide a scientific guide for the applicaiton of poison rat boxes.Methods The experimental sites were selected in an old village of Huangbei Street in Luohu District and Shenzhen People’s Hospital and dormitory area.Fourty nine groups of poison mouse boxes were set up at each experimental site.Each group was composed of one cement poison mouse box and one plastic poison mouse box or compound poison mouse box.30 grams of poison baits were kept in each box every day,and they were observed,recorded and replaced every day.Statistical methods such as χ~2 test and nonparametric test were used to compare the significant differences of poison bait spillage rate,entry rate,feeding rate and consumption amount.Results In the village,the spillage rates were 28.25% and 26.81% respectively for cement and plastic boxes at the experimental point with little statistically significance(P>0.05).The average entry rates were 46.94% and 18.78% respectively for cement and plastic box,with statistically significance(P < 0.05).The feeding rates were 35.24% and 16.46% respectively for cement and plastic boxes,with statistically significance(P<0.05).In the hospital,the spillage rates were 14.07% and 14.28% respectively for cement boxes and composite material boxes with little statistically significance(P>0.05).The average entry rates were 28.86% and 10.20% respectively for cement boxes and composite material boxes,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The feed rates were 15.01% and 3.06% respectively for cement boxes and composite material boxes with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Mice consumption fed more baits in cement boxes than in the plastics boxes and composite materials boxes with statistically significant difference.Conclusion The acceptability of cement poison boxes was obviously better than plastic boxes and composite material boxes

关 键 词：毒鼠屋 取食率 逸出率 进屋率 

分 类 号：R184.35[医药卫生—流行病学]