低龄幼儿鼻咽部畸胎瘤6例诊治分析  

The analyse of diagnosis and treatment for nasocpharyngeal teralorma in 6 cases of young children

作　　者：孙岗 李锋 穆赛拜疆 SUN Gang;LI Feng;Mu sai baijiang(the First People's Hospital of Urumqi,Xinjiang,Unimqi,830000,China)

机构地区：[1]乌鲁木齐市第一人民医院·儿童医院

出　　处：《新疆医学》2019年第2期163-165,共3页Xinjiang Medical Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(项目编号:81460094)

摘　　要：目的探讨新生儿、低龄幼儿先天性鼻咽畸胎瘤的病因、临床表现、诊断和治疗方案。方法回顾行分析2016年2月-2017年9月新疆乌鲁木齐市儿童医院耳鼻喉科收治6例(新生儿4例、低龄幼儿2例)的诊治过程,根据临床表现、影像资料、随访资料,分析早期的诊断方法和最佳治疗方案。结果所有6例患儿均入院后均在鼻内窥系统下行鼻咽部畸胎瘤切除术,其中低温等离子刀切除5例、其他方法 1例,患儿术后均无感染、出血、残留复发等并发症。结论新生儿鼻咽部畸胎瘤起源于多胚层组织的先天性肿瘤,鼻咽部畸胎瘤半数以上发生于鼻咽部,多见于新生儿,手术切除为此病治疗的唯一方式,新生儿期手术或切除不彻底,则恶变率提高,预后不良,因此及早的发现及早期诊断、治疗,从而避免肿物过大引起患儿呼吸功能障碍。Objective To explore the pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment regimen of congenital nasopharyngeal teratoma in newborn and young children. Methods The diagnosis and treatment of 6 cases(4 newborns and 2 young children)in the department of otorhinolaryngology of Children’s hospital, from February 2016 to September 2017, were retrospectively analyzed. According to the clinical manifestations, imaging data and follow-up data, the early diagnosis method and the best treatment plan were analyzed. Results All 6 cases were treated with nasopharynx teratoma under nasal endoscope after admission, including 5 cases being given plasm radio frequency at low temperature and 1 case being given other methods. There were no complications such as infection,bleeding and residual recurrence after operation. Conclusion Neonate nasopharynx teratoma originated from congenital tumors of polydermal tissue, and more than half of nasopharynx teratomas occur in nasopharynx, and most of them occur in newborn. Surgical resection is the only way to treat the disease. If the operation or resection is not complete in neonatal period, the rate of malignancy is increased and the prognosis is poor. Therefore, early detection and early diagnosis and treatment can avoid respiratory dysfunction caused by excessive mass.

关 键 词：畸胎瘤 鼻咽部 气道梗阻 手术治疗 

分 类 号：R766.3[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]