动力锂离子电池穿刺试验安全性研究  

Study on safety of power Li-ion battery based on puncturing experiments

作　　者：彭波[1,2] 罗琼瑶 张怡[1,2] 王立芬[1,2] 赵长征 PENG Bo;LUO Qiongyao;ZHANG Yi;WANG Lifen;ZHAO Changzheng(Sichuan Fire Research Institute of MPS, Chengdu Sichuan 610036, China;Sichuan Fire Evidence Identification Center of Fire Department of MPS,Chengdu Sichuan 610036, China)

机构地区：[1]公安部四川消防研究所,四川成都610036 [2]公安部消防局四川火灾物证鉴定中心,四川成都610036

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2019年第3期27-31,共5页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：公安部技术研究计划项目(2016JSYJC43);公安部四川消防研究所基本科研业务费专项项目(20168803Z)

摘　　要：为研究动力锂离子电池受到物理穿刺时的火灾和爆炸安全性能,针对3种常规18650型锂离子电池(其中2种为钴酸锂正极,1种为三元材料正极),开展不同穿刺速度和穿刺深度条件下的安全性能试验,以锂离子电池正极表面温度来评价电池的火灾和爆炸安全性。研究表明:锂离子电池穿刺深度越深,正极表面温度升高越快,火灾安全风险越高;当穿刺深度达到100%时,2种正极材料电池的温度升高受穿刺速度影响较小,同一电池的升降温速率基本一致;相同穿刺速度下,相比于三元材料正极电池,钴酸锂正极电池升温更快,达到的最高温度更高。In order to study the safety performance of power Li-ion battery in puncturing, puncturing experiments of different depths and speeds were carried out on three kinds of common 18650-type Li-ion batteries (two kinds of them are positive cobalt acid lithium materials and the other ternary materials). During the puncturing process, surface temperature of the positive electrode of the battery was monitored to evaluate its risks for fire and explosion. The results show that the deeper the puncturing depth is, the higher the temperatrise rate of Li-ion battery and fire risk will be, that when the puncturing depth is 100%, puncturing speed has little effect on the temperature rise of these two kinds of batteries using a cathode material, that the temperature-rise rates of the same kind of batteries are almost the same under different puncturing speeds, and that temperature of LiCoO2 Li-ion battery rises faster and reaches higher than that of ternary materials Li-ion battery under the same puncturing speed.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 穿刺 安全性 正极温度 火灾 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]