贵州百花水库沉积物重金属污染评价  

Evaluation of heavy metal pollution in sediments of Baihua Reservoir,Guizhou

作　　者：邱如稚 万发勇 商正松 孟凡丽 陈栋为 Qiu Ruzhi;Wan Fayong;Shang Zhengsong;Meng Fanli;Chen Dongwei(Guizhou Institute of Environmental Science and Designing,Guiyang 550081;Guizhou Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Guiyang 550081;Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025)

机构地区：[1]贵州省环境科学研究设计院,贵阳550081 [2]贵州省水污染控制与资源化技术研究重点实验室,贵阳550081 [3]贵州民族大学,贵阳550025

出　　处：《环保科技》2019年第3期33-40,共8页Environmental Protection and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41303061);贵州省社会发展科技攻关项目(黔科合SY[2013]3138号);贵州省环保厅科技项目(黔环科[2015]4号);贵州省环保厅科技项目(黔环科[2012]3号)

摘　　要：贵州百花水库是省会贵阳市的集中式饮用水水源之一,本文对百花水库库区及主要入库河流沉积物进行了四期采样分析,并采用地积累指数法和NOAA泥沙质量标准对结果进行评价。评价结果显示,所有采样点位沉积物中的镍污染程度都达到中等污染以上,有害影响的可能性较高,枯水期甚至达到极严重污染程度;其次是汞、铬,作为对人体健康有严重影响的重金属,它们在枯水期沉积物中污染程度也达到极严重污染程度。与2015年同类研究相比,百花水库周边因逐步停止工业排放及矿区开采,总体上铅、镉、锌等重金属在沉积物表层聚集程度有所降低,但汞、镍、铬的污染等级仍处于一般到较差之间,生态风险不容忽视。Guizhou Baihua Reservoir is one of the centralized drinking water sources in the Guiyang City. This paper conducts four-stage sediment sampling and determination for the Baihua reservoir area and the main inflow rivers, and makes the evaluation by the geo-accumulation index method and NOAA sediment quality standards. The evaluation results show that the degree of nickel pollution in sediments of all sampling points is above moderate, and the possibility of harmful effects is high. In the dry season, the degree of nickel pollution is even extremely serious. Mercury and chromium, having serious impacts on human health, are also in high pollution level for sediments during dry periods. Compared with similar studies in 2015, due to the phasing out of industrial discharge and mining in the vicinity of Baihua Reservoir, the accumulation of heavy metals such as lead, cadmium and zinc in the surface of sediments has decreased, but the pollution levels of mercury, nickel and chromium are still high at present and ecological risks cannot be ignored.

关 键 词：沉积物 重金属 百花水库 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程]