龙卷风风场中船舶倾覆力学机理研究  

Research on Mechanical Mechanism of Ship Capsizing in Tornado

作　　者：梁双令 吴婉烨 LIANG Shuangling;WU Wanye(Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute, Wuhan 430064, China)

机构地区：[1]武汉第二船舶设计研究所

出　　处：《兵器装备工程学报》2019年第6期228-232,共5页Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering

基　　金：国家能源应用技术研究及示范工程项目(NY20150201)

摘　　要：考虑边界层的影响,构建龙卷风在空间内变化的三维风速场,并基于流体力学控制方程推导龙卷风的气压场,计算龙卷风风场中的船舶风载荷,并针对两种典型的船舶方位研究龙卷风风场中船舶倾覆的力学机理;以“东方之星”号客轮为对象,分析客轮在两种典型船舶方位下受到的横向气压与最小倾覆气压之间的关系,确定在整个龙卷风风场范围内的倾覆区域和安全区域,从而校核客轮抵抗龙卷风的能力;为减小风载荷从而降低倾覆风险,当船舶靠近龙卷风中心时,应尽量使船纵向垂直于龙卷风径向,而当船舶远离龙卷风中心时,则应尽量使船纵向平行于龙卷风径向。A three-dimensional wind velocity field varying in space was constructed taking the boundary layer into accounted and the pressure field of tornado was deduced based on the fluid mechanics control equation,then the wind loads acting on the ship in tornado wind field were computed and two typical ship orientations of the mechanical mechanism of ship capsizing in tornado wind field were analyzed.The method was applied to study the Eastern Star passenger ship,and the relationships between lateral pressure and minimum capsizing pressure in two typical orientations were analyzed to determine the capsizing area and safe area in the whole tornado wind field,so as to investigate the ability against capsizing.Results show that,in order to decrease wind loads and lower the capsizing risk,it should try to keep the ship’s length direction perpendicular to the radial direction when the ship is near the tornado’s center and keep the ship’s length direction parallel to the radial direction when the ship is far from the tornado’s center.

关 键 词：龙卷风 风载荷 船舶倾覆 "东方之星"号客轮 

分 类 号：U675.5[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]