羟基磷灰石负载钯水相中催化氢化硝基苯制备苯胺  

On Preparation of Aniline by Catalytic Hydrogenation of Nitrobenzene in Hydroxyapatite Supported Palladium Aqueous Phase

作　　者：王晓晨 刘安求[1] 赵毛毛 Wang Xiaocheng;Liu Anqiu;Zhao Maomao(Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering,Heifei University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥学院化学与材料工程系

出　　处：《黑河学院学报》2019年第5期214-217,共4页Journal of Heihe University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“离子热合成介孔聚离子液体及在常压低温下CO2捕集和转化中的高效应用”研究性成果(21606066);安徽省自然科学基金项目“POSS分子维度模板制备多孔聚离子液体及其在CO2转化中应用”阶段性成果(1708085QB46);安徽省教育厅一般项目“磁性纳米材料催化葡萄糖“一锅法”转化合成5-乙氧基甲基糠醛”阶段性成果(KJ2015B1105907);合肥学院人才科研基金项目“多孔超交联离子聚合物的制备及在温和条件下CO2捕集和转化中的应用”(16-17RC13)

摘　　要：苯胺类化合物是一种重要的化工中间体,广泛应用在合成染料、药品和聚合物等方面,该化工中间体可由硝基苯类化合物氢化还原制备,以绿色、温和条件制备苯胺一直是研究的热点。以羟基磷灰石为载体,制备一类负载钯催化剂(HAP@Pd),并将其用于硝基苯氢化。研究发现,该催化剂可在水相中高效催化氢化硝基苯为苯胺。在优化条件下,以水作为溶剂,80℃下反应12h,常压下可以100%的转化率及98%的产率催化氢化硝基苯制备苯胺。另外,该催化剂可在乙醇中常温常压下以较高的选择性催化各种取代的硝基苯制备对应的苯胺。该催化剂十分稳定,重复利用6次后,催化剂活性没有降低。Aniline compounds are important chemical intermediates widely used in synthetic dyes, pharmaceuticals and polymers. The chemical intermediates can be prepared by hydrogenation reduction of nitrobenzene compounds. It has been the focus of the study to prepare aniline in green and mild conditions. A kind of supported palladium catalyst (HAP@Pd) is prepared by using hydroxyapatite as a carrier, and gets used for hydrogenation of nitrobenzene. It is found that the catalyst can efficiently catalyze the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene to aniline in the aqueous phase. Under optimized conditions, water is used as the solvent, and the reaction is carried out at 80℃ for 12 h. The aniline is prepared by catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene at 100% conversion rate and 98% yield under normal pressure. In addition, the catalyst can catalyze the preparation of the corresponding aniline with various substituted nitrobenzenes at a high selectivity in ethanol at normal temperature and pressure. The catalyst is very stable, and its activity is not lowered after repeated use for 6 times.

关 键 词：羟基磷灰石 催化氢化 硝基苯 苯胺 

分 类 号：O625.631[理学—有机化学]