蒙自断陷盆地不同土地利用方式土壤养分特征  

Soil nutrient characteristics in different land use of Mengzi gabin basin

作　　者：单志杰[1,2] 于洋[1,2] 殷哲[1,2] 秦伟[1,2] 左长清 赵耀[3] 李柏[1,2] 郭乾坤 SHAN Zhijie;YU Yang;YIN Zhe;QIN Wei;ZUO Changqing;ZHAO Yao;LI Bai;GUO Qiankun(State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of WaterResources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100048, China;Research Center on Soil and Water Conservation ofthe Ministry of Water Resources, Beijing, 100048, China;People’s Government of Xibeile Township, Mengzi City,Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Mengzi 661105, Yunnan, China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100048 [2]水利部水土保持生态工程技术研究中心,北京100048 [3]云南红河哈尼族彝族自治州蒙自市西北勒乡人民政府,云南蒙自661105

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2019年第7期85-91,共7页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家“十三五”重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0502503);中国科协青年人才托举工程项目(2017-2019)

摘　　要：为探讨喀斯特断陷盆地不同土地利用类型土壤养分含量本底特征,以蒙自断陷盆地内林地、农地、园地以及荒草地为研究对象,设置固定样地,采集0~10、10~20、20~40、40~60、60~80、80~100cm土壤样品,测定土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、pH以及机械组成,并采用主成分分析的方法选取具有代表性的指标进行土壤质量指数的计算。结果表明:土地利用类型显著影响土壤有机质含量,草地土壤有机质含量最高,其次为农地和林地,果园土壤有机质含量最低;不同土地利用类型之间土壤全氮含量差异显著,农田土壤全氮含量较高,其次是草地与林地,果园最低。林地土壤全钾含量最高,而全磷含量最低,草地土壤全磷含量最高,而全钾含量最低。4种土地利用类型土壤偏酸性,pH变化范围5.82~6.67。土壤质量指数计算结果表明,各类土地利用方式土壤肥力质量较为接近,林地土壤肥力质量最好。研究结果以期为喀斯特断陷盆地土壤养分含量变化范围以及土壤养分现状提供依据,并为评价喀斯特生态系统植被恢复的改良土壤效应提供基础支撑。In order to investigate the characteristics of soil nutrients content in different land use types of karst gabin basin, Mengzi Gabin basin was used as the study site, soil sampeles were collected at soil depth of 0-10, 10-20, 20-40, 40-60, 60-80 and 80-100 cm, soil organic matter, soil total nitrogen, soil total phosphorus, soil total potassium soil pH and soil texture in woodland, agricultural land, orchard and grassland were surveyed and determined.The difference of soil indicators between vegetation types was analyzed, and soil fertility quality of four land use types was comprehensively evaluated by the soil quality index (SQI). The results showed that land use significantly affects soil organic matter content, soil organic matter content was the highest in grassland, followed by agricultural land and forest land, while orchard was lowest. There was significant difference in soil total nitrogen content between different land uses. The total nitrogen content in farmland soil was highest, followed by grassland and woodland, and the lowest in the orchard. Woodland had the highest total potassium content and the lowest total phosphorus content. The grassland soil had the highest total phosphorus content and the lowest total potassium content. pH value in the four land use types was acidic, ranged from 5.82 and 6.67. The soil quality index showed that woodland had the highest soil fertility quality. The results of the current study could provide the basis of soil nutrients variation and status in Gabin basin, it also provides support for evaluating the soil improvements during vegetation restoration in fragile Karst ecosystems.

关 键 词：蒙自断陷盆地 土地利用 土壤养分 土壤质量指数 

分 类 号：S714.8[农业科学—林学] S158.2