杉木活立木组织内的养分转移特征  

Nutrient translocation characteristics in living tissues of Cunninghamia lanceolata

作　　者：周玉泉 康文星[1,2,3] 陈日升 田大伦 项文化[1,2,3] ZHOU Yuquan;KANG Wenxing;CHEN Risheng;TIAN Dalun;XIANG Wenhua(Central South University of Forestry & Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China;National Engineering Lab forApplied Technology of Forestry & Ecology in South China, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China;Hunan Huitong Chinese FirForest Ecosystem National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, Huitong 418307, Hunan, China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学,湖南长沙410004 [2]南方林业生态应用技术国家工程实验室,湖南长沙410004 [3]湖南会同杉木林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,湖南会同418307

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2019年第7期92-99,共8页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201404361);国家野外科学观测研究站项目(20080615)

摘　　要：为了探讨杉木活立木组织内的养分转移规律,为人工林养分循环的研究和经营管理提供科学依据,利用会同杉木林25年定位测定的生物量和养分数据,估算某林龄段以前生长的、且在这林龄段还存活的生物质中新补充或转移出的养分,分析了活立木组织内的养分转移特征。结果表明:活立木各器官组织都发生养分转移,而且N、P、K、Ca、Mg都能在活立木各器官组织内转移。林分郁闭前,新吸收的养分中有部分转移到某林龄段以前生长的、且在这林龄段还存活的物质内。林分郁闭后,各林龄阶段都表现出积累在原来生长的、且在该林龄段还存活的植物组织内的养分被转出来再利用。除从叶中转移出来养分量的随林龄增加而减少外,干、皮、枝和根中转移出来的养分量的随林龄增加的变化呈现先上升后下降的规律。杉木体内养分流动方向和转移量大小除受养分含量差异大小的制约外,还受林木不同生长阶段生理发育特征的影响。植物体内的养分转移和再利用是植物对养分贫瘠环境的一种适应机制,也是植物保存养分并维持体内养分平衡的一种重要养分利用策略。The aims of this study were to investigate the internal nutrient cycling in live tissues of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) and to provide scientific basis for sustainable management of plantations. Used the ecological data of the past 25 years in Hunan Huitong Ecological Station and to estimate the forest age stage of growth before, and in the forest age paragraph the surviving biomass new supplement or transfer of nutrients, analyzed the stocking nutrient transfer characteristics within the organization. The results show that the stocking each organ organization is nutrient transfer, and N, P, K, Ca, Mg can transfer within the stocking each organ organization. Before the forest canopy closure, a new absorption of nutrients in part transferred to a forest age of growth before, and in the forest age paragraph the surviving material, after the forest canopy closure, the forest age stages showed accumulation in the growth of the original, and in the forest age paragraph the surviving plant nutrients transferred out recycling within the organization. The transferred nutrient from leaves decreased with increasing ages, while the change of nutrient components in stem, bark, branch and root increased with age and then decreased. This suggested that the direction and amount of nutrient transferred were determined not only by the differences of nutrient concentrations, but also by the physiological characteristics of the different growth stages of the trees. Nutrient transfer and reutilization of plant nutrients is an adaptation mechanism of plants to nutrient poor environment. It is also an important nutrient utilization strategy for plants to maintain nutrients and maintain nutrient balance.

关 键 词：杉木 活立木 养分转移 养分内循环 湖南会同 

分 类 号：S791.27[农业科学—林木遗传育种]