拟赤梢鱼消化系统的形态学与组织学结构特征  

Morphological and Histological Characteristics of Digestive System of Pseudaspius leptocephalus

作　　者：金建丽[1] 李伟航[1,2] 刘泓玮 陆灏 JIN Jianli;LI Weihang;LIU Hongwei;LU Hao(College of Life Science and Technology,Mudanjiang Normal University,Mudanjiang,Heilongjiang 157011;Mudanjiang Medical School,Mudanjiang,Heilongjiang 157011,China)

机构地区：[1]牡丹江师范学院生命科学与技术学院,黑龙江牡丹江157011 [2]牡丹江市卫生学校,黑龙江牡丹江157011

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2019年第6期79-83,共5页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：牡丹江师范学院研究生科技创新项目(kjcx2018-02mdjnu)

摘　　要：探明拟赤梢鱼消化系统的形态学和组织学结构,为其野生资源保护及人工养殖提供基础数据,采用常规解剖学和石蜡切片技术对拟赤梢鱼健康成体消化系统的形态学和组织学特征进行研究。结果表明:拟赤梢鱼的平均体重为(217.81±53.50)g,体长为(24.88±1.49)cm,体重(y)随体长(x)变化的回归方程为y=0.004x^3.417,R^2=0.745。拟赤梢鱼无胃的分化,消化系统由消化道和肝胰脏组成。其肠道细长,呈长管状,紧接于食道后,呈“S”形走向,肠道管径由前肠至后肠逐渐变细,前肠和中肠的长度差异不显著(P>0.05),后肠极显著长于前肠和中肠(P<0.01),肠长比为1.11±0.09,肠重比为0.006±0.003。肝脏和胰脏不分,合为肝胰脏,胰腺组织弥散分布于肝组织中,肝胰重比为0.010±0.003。消化道管壁由黏膜层、肌层和浆膜层3层组成,食道的黏膜层最薄,前肠的最厚;食道的肌层最厚,与肠道的肌层厚度差异显著(P<0.05),肠道各段的肌层厚度差异不显著(P>0.05)。前肠的浆膜层最厚,其次为后肠,食道的最薄;前肠的浆膜层显著厚于食道和中肠(P<0.05),与后肠差异不显著(P>0.05)。后肠富含杯状细胞,显著多于其他部位(P<0.05),其次为前肠,食道中几乎没有杯状细胞。拟赤梢鱼消化系统结构与功能(食性)密切相关。In order to clarify the morphological and histological structure of the digestive system of Pseudaspius leptocephalus,and provide basic data for its wild resource conservation and artificial breeding,the conventional anatomy and paraffin sectioning techniques were employed to study the morphology and histological characteristics of digestive system of healthy adult P.leptocephalus.Results:The average body weight of P.leptocephalus was(217.81±53.50)g,the body length was(24.88±1.49)cm,and the regression equation of body weight(y)with body length(x)was y=0.004 x^3.417,R^2=0.745.P.leptocephalus has no stomach differentiation,and the digestive system consists of two parts:the digestive tract and the liver and pancreas.The intestine is slender and has a long tubular shape.Immediately after the esophagus,it has an“S”shape.The diameter of the intestine is gradually tapered from the foregut to the hindgut.The length of the foregut and the midgut is not significantly different(P>0.05),the hindgut was very significantly longer than the foregut and midgut(P<0.01),the intestinal length ratio was 1.11±0.09,and the intestinal weight ratio was 0.006±0.003.The liver and pancreas were together as hepatopancreas,and the pancreatic tissue was diffusely distributed in the liver tissue,and the hepatopancreas weight ratio was 0.010±0.003.The digestive tract wall has three layers:mucosal layer,muscular layer and serosa layer.The mucosa of the esophagus is the thinnest,and the foregut is the thickest.The muscular layer of the esophagus is the thickest,and the thickness of the intestine is significantly different(P<0.05),the difference in muscle thickness of each segment of the intestine was not significant(P>0.05).The serosal layer of the foregut was the thickest,followed by the posterior intestine,and the esophagus was the thinnest;the serosal layer of the foregut was significantly thicker than the esophagus and midgut(P<0.05),and was not significantly different from the hindgut(P>0.05).The hindgut is rich in goblet cells,signi

关 键 词：拟赤梢鱼 消化系统 形态学 组织学 结构特征 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]