罪刑相适应原则适用中的儒家观念借鉴  

The Value of Confucianism in Applying the Principle of Crime-Punishment Correspondence

作　　者：朱建华[1] 谷超 Zhu Jianhua;Gu Chao

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学

出　　处：《法治现代化研究》2019年第3期142-156,共15页Law and Modernization

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“我国刑法修正的理论模型与制度实践研究”(16ZDA061)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：当下罪刑相适应原则适用结果常常无法被公众接受,因为规则主义演化出的教义学要求其价值判断必须在法律文本的框架下展开,因语言的抽象性、文字的载体性、报应刑观念和同态复仇观念限制了本原则的价值追求。罪刑相适应原则需转向法治实用主义下的道德实用主义:重视社会观念中已然存在且传承的儒家观念。儒家观念中就刑罚权的限制与规制、刑法谦抑性、“利人”价值取向和实质正义契合当下罪刑相适应原则的内涵。当借鉴时需注重儒家观念的扬与弃;确定借鉴儒家观念之点与线;于立法时考虑传统文化中的经典因素;于定罪思维中博取儒家观念中合理的价值元素;于量刑时注重特殊主义和道德实用主义的应用;以判例补足本原则的价值欠缺。The results of applying the principle of compatibility between crime and punishment are often unacceptable to the public, because the doctrine evolving from Regularism requires that its value judgment must be carried out within the framework of legal texts. However, because of such factors as the abstractness of language, the instrumental nature of the words, the concept of retribution and homomorphic revenge, the value pursuit of the principle of compatibility between crime and punishment is limited. The principle of accommodation between crime and punishment needs to be turned to moral pragmatism under the pragmatism of rule of law. It is in this sense that we argue that it is necessary to pay attention to the Confucian ideas, which have already taken root in our social concepts. Confucianism holds that the limitation and regulation of penalty power, the modesty and restraint of criminal law, the value orientation of “benefiting people” and the substantive justice are in line with the connotation of the principle of accommodation between crime and punishment. When drawing lessons from Confucianism, we should promote the sensible elements in Confucianism and abandon the outdated ones;determine the scope and focus of drawing lessons from Confucianism;consider the classical factors in traditional culture when making laws;gain the reasonable elements of Confucianism when deciding a conviction;and pay attention to the application of particularism and moral pragmatism when deciding a sentence, so as to make up for the axiological inadequacy in the principle of correspondence between crime and punishment by supplying appropriate judicial precedents.

关 键 词：罪刑相适应 罪刑关系 儒家观念 刑法文化 

分 类 号：D924.1[政治法律—刑法学] B222[政治法律—法学]