20世纪七八十年代北京市空气污染治理的历史回顾——以消烟除尘工作为中心  

A Historical Review of Air Pollution Control in Beijing in the 1970s and 1980s——Focusing on Smoke Elimination and Dust Removal

作　　者：徐轶杰[1] Xu Yijie

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院当代中国研究所

出　　处：《当代中国史研究》2019年第3期98-112,159,共16页Contemporary China History Studies

摘　　要：20世纪七八十年代是北京市空气污染治理的启动阶段。从70年代初起,北京市以消烟除尘工作为中心,由空气污染调查入手,将空气污染治理逐步从末端治理向根源治理推进。中共十一届三中全会以后,通过综合治理,北京市空气污染状况得到初步遏制。回顾总结20世纪七八十年代北京市空气污染治理的经验与教训,有助于理解中国空气污染治理和环境保护的长期性、系统性、复杂性、艰巨性。群众性消烟除尘会战是空气污染的末端治理、运动式治理,而从源头上综合治理空气污染才是根本之策。The 1970s and 1980s were the start-up stage of air pollution control in Beijing.From the early 1970s,Beijing municipal had focused on the work of smoke elimination and dust removal and the air pollution control had been gradually promoted from the end administration to the root administration starting from the air pollution investigation.After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,Beijing municipal’s air pollution situation had been initially curbed through comprehensive controls.Reviewing and summarizing the experience and lessons of air pollution control in Beijing in the 1970s and 1980s was helpful to understand the long-term,systematic,complex and arduous nature of air pollution control and environment protection in China.Mass smoke elimination and dust removal campaign was the end governance and sports-style governance of air pollution control,and the comprehensive control of air pollution from the source was the fundamental policy.

关 键 词：北京市 空气污染 消烟除尘 环境治理 环境保护 

分 类 号：K27[历史地理—历史学] X51[历史地理—中国史]