用煤基电极从贵金属贫液中电化学沉积钯的研究  

Electrochemical Deposition of Palladium from the Barren Solution of Precious Metal Using Coal-based Electrodes

作　　者：宋永辉[1,2] 雷思明 SONG Yonghui;LEI Siming(College of Metallurgical Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China;Key Lab of Gold and Resource of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710055, China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院,西安710055 [2]陕西省黄金与资源重点实验室,西安710055

出　　处：《贵金属》2019年第2期26-31,共6页Precious Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(51204130,51504180);金川公司-西安建筑科技大学预研基金(YY1403)

摘　　要：用孔径分布仪、扫描电镜及能谱和电化学工作站对自制煤基电极材料的孔隙结构、表面形貌、电化学性能及该电极用于处理贵金属贫液中钯的效果进行了研究。结果表明,煤基材料的微孔率大于80%,电极表面对钯配离子有较强的附着能力,但其内部孔道扩散阻力较大;影响钯去除率的因素依次为时间、温度、电压,当外加电压为1.6 V,40℃处理6 h后,贫液中145 mg/L的钯去除率可达到99.32%,金属钯在阴极和阳极均有沉积。机理探讨认为,在阳极电吸附和阴极电解沉积的共同作用下,溶液中的钯离子沉积到电极表面。Recovery of Pd from the barren solution of precious metals was studied by using the electrochemical process with the self-made coal-based material as an electrode.The pore structure,shape and performance of the electrode material were investigated with the aid of the pore size distribution,scanning electron microscopy,energy spectrum and electrochemical workstation.The results showed that the microporosity of the material was more than 80%.The palladium ions had strong adhesion ability on the surface but with large diffusion resistance in the internal channel of the electrode.The influence factors of palladium deposition included the depositing time,electro-bath temperature and voltage.Up to 99.32%recovery rate of palladium could be accomplished when the deposition was carried out for 6 hours at 40℃with the bath voltage of 1.6 V.The deposition of palladium in the anode,was also observed,probably due to the electric attraction of PdCl42-on the positively charged anode.

关 键 词：电化学 煤基结构电极 钯 微孔 吸附 沉积 

分 类 号：O646.5[理学—物理化学]