罗斯修道院的起源与发展  

On the Origin and Development of Monastery of Russ

作　　者：杨翠红 YANG Cui-hong(Department of World History, School of the Humanities, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin,130012, China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学文学院世界史系

出　　处：《史学集刊》2019年第4期99-106,共8页Collected Papers of History Studies

基　　金：吉林大学基本科研业务费科学前沿与交叉学科创新项目“俄国东正教会与社会研究(18世纪)”(2015QY029)

摘　　要：罗斯基督教僧侣倡导虔诚的修道生活。修道生活起源于埃及,传入拜占庭后修道制度更加完善,罗斯修道制度深受拜占庭因素的影响。雅罗斯拉夫大公创建了罗斯第一座修道院,修道制度也随之完善,出现隐居和集体居住两种修道方式并存的状况。由于王公贵族对宗教的扶持等原因,修道院呈现出位于城市或城市附近、经济实力强大、政治地位举足轻重等特征。依托修道院的发展,僧侣的势力逐渐发展壮大,由此教俗封建主联盟形成。Monks of Russ advocated a devotional monastic life. The monastic life originated in Egypt, and the monastic system became more perfect after it was introduced into Byzantium. The Russ s monastic system was deeply influenced by Byzantine factors. Grand Duke Yaroslav established the first monastery of Russ, accordingly produced a more perfect monastic system. There were two kinds of monasticism: hermitage and collective residence. Owing to the religious support by the princes and nobles, the monastery had the following features: being located in or close to the city, increasing economic strength, and playing an important role in politics. Relying on the development of monasteries, monks gradually developed and expanded their power, thus formed an alliance of religious and secular feudalists.

关 键 词：罗斯 修道院 僧侣 

分 类 号：B979[哲学宗教—宗教学]