过敏性疾病对扬州市学龄前儿童睡眠状况的影响  

Effects of allergic diseases on sleep status of preschool children in Yangzhou

作　　者：章景丽[1] 于伟平[1] 陈秋[1] 左笑宇[1] 陶芳标[2] 苏亭娟 ZHANG Jing-Li;YU Wei-Ping;CHEN Qiu(Department of Child Heath Care,Yangzhou Maternal and Child health Care Hospital,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225002,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州市妇幼保健院儿保科,江苏扬州225002 [2]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系,安徽合肥230032

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2019年第12期2816-2818,共3页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81573168)

摘　　要：目的调查扬州市学龄前儿童过敏性疾病的发生情况,分析其对儿童睡眠时间及睡眠障碍发生率的影响,为预防和干预学龄前儿童睡眠问题提供理论依据。方法采取分层整群随机抽样法选取扬州市区7所幼儿园的2531名学龄前儿童,对其进行问卷调查,收集有关过敏性疾病及睡眠障碍的资料。结果学龄前儿童过敏性疾病发生率为49.07%。各种过敏性疾病发生率从高到低依次为特应性皮炎、过敏性鼻炎、哮喘、药物过敏、食物过敏、过敏性结膜炎。男童哮喘、过敏性鼻炎及特应性皮炎发生率均显著高于女童,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。学龄前儿童睡眠障碍总检出率为30.38%。哮喘、过敏性鼻炎、过敏性结膜炎及特应性皮炎均会增加睡眠障碍发生率。有过敏性疾病的学龄前儿童睡眠出汗及夜间磨牙检出率较高。结论扬州地区学龄前儿童过敏性疾病患病率较高,对睡眠状况有影响,应引起足够重视。Objective To investigate the prevalence of allergic diseases in preschool children in Yangzhou,analyze the effects on sleep time and incidence rate of sleep disorders,provide a theoretical basis for preventing and intervening sleep problems of preschool children. Methods A total of 2 531 preschool children were selected from seven kindergartens from Yangzhou by stratified cluster random sampling method,then they were surveyed by a questionnaire,the data of allergic diseases and sleep disorders were collected. Results The total incidence rate of allergic diseases among preschool children was 49. 07%. The allergic diseases with incidence rates from high to low were atopic dermatitis,allergic rhinitis,asthma,drug allergy,food allergy,allergic conjunctivitis. The incidence rates of asthma,allergic rhinitis,and atopic dermatitis in boys were statistically significantly higher than those in girls ( P<0. 05). The total detection rate of sleep disorders among preschool children was 30. 38%. Asthma,allergic rhinitis,allergic conjunctivitis,and atopic dermatitis increased the incidence rate of sleep disorders. The detection rates of sleep sweating and bruxism among the preschool children with allergic diseases were high. Conclusion The prevalence rate of allergic diseases among preschool children in Yangzhou is high,which has impact on sleep status,more attention should be paid to.

关 键 词：学龄前儿童 过敏性疾病 睡眠障碍 

分 类 号：R725.9[医药卫生—儿科]