制度移植的动力与困境——北洋军阀时期中华民族共同体的构建路径与效应分析  

The Power and Dilemma of Institutional Transplantation——Analysis of the Construction Path and Effect of the Chinese Nation Community in the Northern Warlords Period

作　　者：张健 Zhang Jian

机构地区：[1]云南大学《思想战线》编辑部

出　　处：《中国边疆史地研究》2019年第2期167-178,216-217,共14页China's Borderland History and Geography Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“傈僳族文化认同与中华文化认同的协调整合研究”(18BMZ034)阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：北洋军阀是近代中国的一股特殊政治力量,它移植了西方现代国家制度,为中华民族构建奠定了基础性的政治框架。北洋政府延续与维系了五族共和的中华民族共同体结构,肯定了中华民族的整体性及其内部多样性,并在西方资本主义国家的框架下,从政治、经济、文化等多方面展开中华民族共同体的构建与整合,进一步提升了中华民族的整体性和凝聚力。同时,这一时期也暴露了中华民族构建过程中的深层困境,如民主制度流于表象,民族文化内在冲突等。北洋军阀及其移植的西方竞争性政党制度无力应对这种困境,中华民族共同体构建的进一步发展需要强有力的权威性领导主体——集权化政党。这说明民族共同体构建的道路应该是多元和多样的,应符合每个国家和民族的历史与发展现状。这也为中国共产党和国民党的探索,提供了理论与实践基础。The Northern Warlords is a special political force in modern China,it transplanted the modern western state system and laid a basic political framework for the construction of the Chinese Nation.The Beiyang Government continues and maintains the“Five-Nationality Unity for a Republic”structure of the Chinese Nation Community,affirmed the integrity and its internal diversity of the Chinese Nation,and under the framework of the western capitalist countries,unfolded the construction and integration of the Chinese Nation Community from political,economic,cultural and other aspects,further enhanced the integrity and cohesiveness of the Chinese Nation.At the same time,this period also exposed the deep dilemma in the process of building the Chinese Nation,such as the emergence of a democratic system,the internal conflicts of national culture,etc.The Northern Warlords and their competitive party system-that was transplanted from the western countries-are unable to cope with this dilemma,the further development of the Chinese Nation Community s construction requires a strong authoritative leading body-a centralized political party.This shows that the path of national community s construction should be pluralistic and diverse,it should conform to the history and development status of each country and nation.This also provides a theoretical and practical basis for the exploration of the Chinese Communist Party and the Kuomintang of China.

关 键 词：北洋军阀 中华民族共同体 构建困境 政党 

分 类 号：K258.2[历史地理—历史学] D693[历史地理—中国史]