乡村土地利用的多元主体“利益制衡”机制及实践  

The Benefit Balance Mechanism for Multiple Stakeholders in Rural Land Use

作　　者：王竹[1] 孙佩文 钱振澜[1] 徐丹华 Wang Zhu;Sun Peiwen;Qian Zhenlan;Xu Danhua

机构地区：[1]浙江大学建筑工程学院

出　　处：《规划师》2019年第11期11-17,23,共8页Planners

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目(17YJC790118);国家自然科学基金项目(51708488)

摘　　要：面对土地流转、土地利益相关者多元复杂的乡村发展趋势,针对农民在此过程中利益受损的问题和风险,建构了由内生应对作用和外力制衡策略两部分构成的土地利用多元主体“利益制衡”机制。研究提出在产业用地规划中以溢出承接和精明保权策略增强“能人经纪”的内生力量;在宅基地规划中以生计优化策略响应乡村局部倒逼的内生应对,并以存量留用、渐进增长、营利放活、保障稳健等策略,整体上刚柔并济导控乡村土地开发和产权变动,以此形成的“利益制衡”机制对于发挥规划引领乡村振兴的作用意义重大。With respect to the development trend of land transfer and multiple stakeholders, and the risk for the farmers in the process, the paper establishes a benefit balance mechanism composed by internal response and external force. In planning of industrial land, a spillover utilization and smart growth with reserved rights method is put forward to enhance community leader’s strength. In planning of residential land, a measure of livelihood optimization is raised to coordinate the local striving effect. An overall balance strategy of spare land reservation and gradual growth is proposed to guide land development with elasticity, while supervising change of property rights to ensure stability. The benefit balance mechanism formed in this way is of great significance for planning to play a leading role in rural vitalization.

关 键 词：乡村振兴战略 土地流转 多元主体 “利益制衡”机制 土地利用 

分 类 号：TU982.29[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]