海洋沉积物中邻苯二甲酸酯类环境激素的测定及其生态风险评估  

Determination and ecological risk assessment of phthalic acid esters in marine sediments

作　　者：胡红美[1] 李铁军[1] 张露[1] 郝青[1] 孙秀梅[1] 金衍健[1] 应忠真 郭远明[1] HU Hongmei;LI Tiejun;ZHANG Lu;HAO Qing;SUN Xiumei;JIN Yanjian;YING Zhongzhen;GUO Yuanming(Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Marine Fishery Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省海洋水产研究所浙江省海洋渔业资源可持续利用技术研究重点实验室

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2019年第3期365-375,共11页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31800430);浙江省科技计划项目(2017F50021);浙江省科协育才项目(2017YCGC013);浙江省舟山市科技项目(2016C31055)

摘　　要：本研究建立了一种对海洋沉积物中16种邻苯二甲酸酯(phthalic acid esters,PAEs)的超声波萃取-分散固相萃取净化-气相色谱质谱检测法,并采用该方法对台州三门湾海域、温州南麂岛海域采集的样品进行检测,同时对其生态风险进行了评估。结果表明:该方法线性范围为1~1 000μg/L,相关系数为0.999 1~0.999 9,检出限(3倍信噪比)为0.10~0.25μg/kg,不同浓度的加标回收率为75%~116%,相对标准偏差(n=5)为3.1%~7.2%。组分分析表明,PAEs总量为297.43~550.25μg/kg,以邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(diisobutyl phthalate, DIBP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(di-n-butyl phthalate, DBP)、邻苯二甲酸二-2-乙基己酯[di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, DEHP]为主,占PAEs总量的88.7%~96.7%。基于质量基准法的生态风险评估表明,各采样点的沉积物中PAEs含量均小于相应的环境风险限值,生态风险总体较低。基于风险商值法的评价表明:PAEs对水生生物的风险大小顺序为DBP>DIBP>DEHP,其中DBP对藻类呈高风险,对甲壳类和鱼类为中等风险,DIBP对甲壳类为中等风险,DEHP对水生生物均为低风险;PAEs对藻类的风险最大,其次为甲壳类,对鱼类的风险最小。总体上,台州三门湾海域PAEs对水生生物的风险略高于温州南麂岛海域。We proposed a new method for the determination of 16 phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in marine sediments using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with ultrasonic extraction and dispersive solid phase extraction cleanup. Moreover, the contents of PAEs in marine sediments of Sanmen Bay, Taizhou and waters of Nanji Island, Wenzhou were detected and their ecological risk was assessed. Under the optimized condition, the linearity of this method ranged from 1 to 1 000 μg/L, with regression coefficients ranging between 0.999 1 and 0.999 9. The limits of detection were in the rang of 0.10-0.25 μg/kg. The recoveries of spiked 16 PAEs at different concentration levels were in the range of 75%-116%, with relative standard deviations of 3.1%-7.2%. The results showed that the total concentration of phthalate esters ranged from 297.43 to 550.25 μg/kg. Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were the predominant compounds in all detected seafood, accounted for 88.7%-96.7% of the total PAEs. Marine sediment’s ecological risk was assessed with the methods of sediment quality guidline and risk quotient. The sediment quality guidline results showed the contents of PAEs in the sediments were all lower than the environmental risk limits, which indicated low ecological risk. The risk quotient values of PAEs were in the following order: DBP>DIBP>DEHP, and DBP was high risk to algae and medium risk to crustaceans and fish, and DIBP was medium risk to crustaceans, and DEHP was low risk to aquatic organisms. Overall, the risk of PAEs on algae was the largest, followed by crustaceans, minimal risk for fish, and the health risk of Sanmen Bay, Taizhou was slightly higher than that of waters of Nanji Island, Wenzhou.

关 键 词：超声波萃取 分散固相萃取净化 气相色谱质谱法 沉积物 邻苯二甲酸酯 生态风险评估 

分 类 号：O65[理学—分析化学] X82[理学—化学]