辐射改性对铅/铜高分子辐射屏蔽材料性能的影响  

Effect of Radiation Modification on Properties of Pb/Cu Polymer Radiation Shielding Materials

作　　者：柴凡超 常树全[1] 王国辉[1] 姚初请 戴耀东[1] CHAI Fanchao;CHANG Shuquan;WANG Guohui;YAO Chuqing;DAI Yaodong(College of Material Science and Technology,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学材料科学与技术学院

出　　处：《材料导报》2019年第A01期444-447,461,共5页Materials Reports

摘　　要：采用熔融共混和电子加速器辐射改性方法,制备了以高分子材料乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)为基底、铅粉和铜粉为填料的高分子辐射屏蔽材料。综合该材料的力学性能、电性能、辐射屏蔽性能以及交联度的表征结果,可以得出:在EVA中添加质量分数为20%的铜粉和30%的铅粉,采用熔融共混法在110℃下共混,并给予材料50kGy的辐射剂量照射,可制得综合性能良好的高分子屏蔽材料。其中,该材料在接受辐照后的抗拉强度达到12.25MPa;表面电阻率为1.8434×10^13Ω,相较纯EVA下降了两个数量级;对241Am所放出的59.5keV的射线的屏蔽率可达81.3155%。Apolymer radiation shielding material based on polymer ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer ( EVA) and lead powder and copper powder as filler was prepared by melt blending and electron accelerator radiation modification. Based on the characterization of the mechanical properties, electrical properties,radiation shielding properties and cross-linking degree of the material ,it can be concluded that it is more appropriate to add 20% by mass of copper powder and 30% of lead powder in EVA. The material was firstly processed with melt blending under 110 ℃ and then irradiated with a radia tion does of 50 kGy to achieve great comprehensive properties. The tensile strength of the material after irradiation is 12.25 MPa;the surface resistivity is 1.843 4×1013 Ω,which is two orders of magnitude lower than that of pure EVA;the shielding rate of 59.5 keV emitted by 241Am is 81.315 5%.

关 键 词：乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA) 电性能 辐射屏蔽 辐射改性 

分 类 号：X34[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X946