风险社会下侵权法的功能变迁与制度建构  

Functional Changes and Institutional Construction of Tort Law in Risk Society

作　　者：何国强[1] He Guoqiang

机构地区：[1]广东警官学院法律系

出　　处：《政治与法律》2019年第7期93-104,共12页Political Science and Law

摘　　要：风险社会下侵权法的功能发生重大变迁,形成以救济为首要功能,以风险控制与风险分配为次级功能的体系。作为风险社会治理的基本法,我国《侵权责任法》为适应侵权法功能的现代转变趋势,在面向个人权利救济和面向社会风险应对方面作了制度回应,该法也存在对风险社会视角需进一步明确、个人救济功能仍局限于固有赔付结构、针对社会的风险控制与风险分配功能需进一步建构等问题。依据风险社会治理的需求,我国民典法侵权责任编应在整体上确立侵权法功能的适应风险社会的指导思想,以此明确我国侵权责任法的“三功能体系”,与此同时,要进行相应的支撑元素完善,即突破固有的赔付结构,加强风险控制功能的作用力,强化风险分配功能的显现力。The functions of tort law have changed greatly in the risk society, forming a system in which relief is the primary function and risk control and risk allocation are the secondary functions. As the basic law on governance in risk society, China's Tort Liability Law has made an institutional response to individual right relief and social risk treatment for keeping up with the trend of modernized transformation of the functions of the tort law. The Tort Liability Law also has problems such as the lack of clear adoption of the perspective of risk society, the individual relief function limited to the inherent compensation structure, and the lack of sufficient construction of the functions of risk control and risk allocation for the society. According to the requirement of governance in risk society, the Tort Liability Law should adopt the perspective of risk society in determining the functions of tort law as a whole, so as to clarify the "three-function system" of Tort Liability Law. At the same time, the corresponding supporting elements should be improved, that is to say, the inherent compensation structure should be broken through, the acting force of risk control function should be enhanced and the displaying force of risk allocation function should be strengthened.

关 键 词：风险社会 侵权责任法 权利救济功能 风险控制功能 风险分配功能 

分 类 号：DF522[政治法律—民商法学]