基于POI数据的北京市商业中心地等级体系研究  

Hierarchical system of Beijing commercial center judged from POI data

作　　者：林清 孙方 王小敏 廖聪 张文新 LIN Qing;SUN Fang;WANG Xiaomin;LIAO Cong;ZHANG Wenxin(Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,100875,Beijing,China;School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University,100871,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地理科学学部,北京100875 [2]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第3期415-424,共10页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金资助项目(8122028)

摘　　要：利用2015年北京市六环内零售商业POI数据,通过核密度分析法提取159个商业中心,基于“职能”概念和系统聚类方法,构建北京市商业中心等级体系,并运用中心地理论对商业空间结构进行分析.结果表明:北京市商业中心地可划分为市级、次市级、区级、街区级4个等级并呈现多中心体系,商业中心地等级序列及空间结构与中心地理论基本相符;多个高等级中心形成的市场区域六边形特征明显,且以市场原则为主导;部分交通便捷地区,呈现K=3与K=4叠加特征;受城市发展规律的影响,越靠近城市中心的地区,六边形结构越明显;北京市商业发展中出现了与中心地理论差异较大的区域,其形成受人口规模、商业环境、交通条件、城市规划、历史发展等因素的影响.POI data from retailers within the Sixth Ring Road of Beijing in 2015 were subject to kernel density analysis,a total of 159 commercial centers were identified.A hierarchical system was built of Beijing commercial centers based on "function" and cluster analysis,the structure of commercial space was analyzed with central space theory.The commercial space was found to present as a multi-center system.The municipal commercial center was composed of Xidan,Wangfujing and Sanlitun,the hierarchical sequence and spatial structure of the commercial center in Beijing was consistent with central ground theory.The hierarchical system of commercial centers showed certain hexagonal model characteristics of central space theory with market principle as the main principle.With improved traffic convenience,local traffic along the line showed the superposition characteristics of K=3 and K=4.The closer to the urban center,the more obvious the hexagonal structure,and it is affected by the law of urban development.Formation and evolution of commercial spatial pattern has undergone a complex combination process,influenced not only by market,traffic,but also by history,policy and consumer behavior,making a large difference from the central theory in some regions.Generally,the central space theory can still explain the commercial spatial structure very well in Beijing,but cannot be applied mechanically in practice.A few suggestions for commercial planning in Beijing are made.

关 键 词：中心地理论 商业中心地 等级体系 兴趣点(POI)数据 北京 

分 类 号：K901[历史地理—人文地理学]