活秆成熟和非活秆成熟玉米自交系的籽粒脱水速率及相关因素分析  

Analysis of Kernel Dehydration Rate and Related Factors in Stay Green Inbred and Non-stay Green Inbred of Maize

作　　者：李文兰[1] 李文才[1] 孙琦[1] 于彦丽[1] 赵勐[1] 鲁守平[1] 孟昭东[1] Li Wenlan;Li Wencai;Sun Qi;Yu Yanli;Zhao Meng;Lu Shouping;Meng Zhaodong(Maize Research Institute,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Maize/ Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Northern Huang-Huai-Hai River Plain,Ministry of Agriculture,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院玉米研究所/小麦玉米国家工程实验室/农业部黄淮海北部玉米生物学与遗传育种重点实验室

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2019年第6期26-30,共5页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省农业良种工程项目“早熟、耐密、宜机收玉米种质创新与新品种培育”

摘　　要：籽粒机收是我国玉米实现全程机械化的瓶颈,而收获期籽粒含水量则是影响其机收效果的关键因素。加快成熟后期籽粒脱水速率是降低收获期籽粒含水量而不影响产量的有效方式。本研究以5个活秆成熟(SG)和5个非活秆成熟(NSG)自交系为对象,测定其籽粒、叶片和茎秆的含水量,计算其脱水速率。结果显示,活秆成熟自交系的收获期籽粒含水量和叶片含水量均高于非活秆成熟自交系,而茎秆含水量在活秆成熟和非活秆成熟两类自交系间没有明显差异。相关性分析显示叶片脱水速率和籽粒脱水速率呈显著正相关(相关系数0.756,P<0.05)。根据衰老启动标记基因ZmSee1的表达水平,分析叶片衰老启动时间与籽粒脱水速率的相关性,表明:在非活秆成熟的5个自交系中,LH196、PHM10和PH207的ZmSee1基因表达峰值出现在授粉后第4d,DK517M和Lx9801的ZmSee1基因表达峰值出现在授粉后第8d;而在活秆成熟的5个自交系中,ZmSee1基因的表达峰值均出现在授粉后第16d。相关性分析发现,叶片衰老启动时间和籽粒脱水速率之间存在显著负相关,相关系数为-0.733(P<0.05)。Kernel mechanical harvesting is the bottleneck of the whole mechanization of maize in China.The grain moisture at harvest stage is a key factor influencing the mechanical harvest effect.Increasing the dehydration rate after physiological maturity is an effective way to reduce grain moisture at harvest stage without affecting production.In this study,five stay green(SG)inbred lines and five non-stay green(NSG)inbred lines were used as test materials.The moisture content of kernels,leaves and stem were measured and then the dehydration rate was calculated.The results showed that the moisture of kernels and leaves in SG inbred lines were higher than that of NSG inbred lines.There was no significant difference in stem moisture between SG and NSG inbred lines.Correlation analysis showed that the dehydration rate of leaves was positively related to the dehydration rate of kernels(correlation coefficient as 0.756,P<0.05).According to the expression level of senescence initiation marker gene ZmSee1,the correlation between senescence initiation time and kernel dehydration rate was analyzed.In the five NSG inbred lines,the peak expression level of ZmSee1 gene in LH196,PHM10 and PH207 occurred on the 4th day after pollination,while the peak expression level of ZmSee1 gene in DK517M and Lx9801 occurred on the 8th day after pollination.In the five SG inbred lines,the peak expression level of ZmSee1 gene occurred on the 16th day after pollination.Correlation analysis showed that the leaf senescence initiation time was negatively related to the dehydration rate of kernel with the correlation coefficient as-0.733(P<0.05).

关 键 词：玉米 自交系 活秆(非活秆)成熟 含水量 脱水速率 ZmSee1 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学] Q781[生物学—分子生物学]