北方农牧交错生态脆弱区农户生态足迹及其与收入的关系  

Ecological Footprint of Rural Households and Its Relations with Income in Agro-Pastoral Ecologically-Vulnerable Areas in North China

作　　者：刘海燕 郝海广[1] 刘煜杰[1] 勾蒙蒙 张哲[1] LIU Haiyan;HAO Haiguang;LIU Yujie;GOU Mengmeng;ZHANG Zhe(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of EnvironmentalSciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室

出　　处：《生态经济》2019年第7期148-154,共7页Ecological Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“北方农牧交错生态脆弱区农户生计分化对农地利用的驱动机制研究”(41501095);国家自然科学基金项目“泾河流域生态保护政策驱动下的生态系统服务流研究”(41701601)

摘　　要：研究人类生产消费与生态环境之间的影响已经成为当前的热点科学问题。文章通过调查内蒙古太仆寺旗、多伦县和正镶白旗农户住户基本情况,以生产和消费为基础计算了农户生态足迹,并进一步分析了农户生态足迹的构成、动态变化及其与收入之间的关系。研究结果表明:农户生产足迹远高于消费足迹,农户从生态系统获取的产品主要向外部输出。耕地消费足迹与草地生产足迹分别在消费足迹和生产足迹中占较大比重,并有上升趋势,但随着草地消费足迹和耕地生产足迹显著下降导致农户的消费足迹和生产足迹均有所下降。农户生态足迹,尤其是草地生产足迹和草地消费足迹与收入水平具有显著正相关关系,非农就业收入占比高的农户生态足迹总体较小。为了保护农牧交错生态脆弱区的生态系统,需要进一步完善生态补偿机制,改变农户粗放化的畜牧业生产方式,持续推进农户非农就业。The impact of human production and consumption on ecosystem is always at the center of academic attention. We did the rural household survey in Taibus Banner, Duolun County, and Zhengxiangbai Banner in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and calculated the ecological footprint based on production and consumption. Furthermore, we analyzed the relationship of the composition and dynamic change of ecological footprint with income of farming household The findings suggest that: the total consumption ecological footprint (CEF) is higher than the total production ecological footprint (PEF), which indicates that most of products obtained from local ecosystems are supplied to out of the areas. Arable land consumption footprint (ACEF) occupies a larger proportion in the CEF, while grassland production footprint (GPEF) occupies a larger proportion in PEF, and both of the proportions were rising up. However, the reduction of grassland consumption footprint (GCEF) and arable land production footprint (APEF) lead to the reduction of CEF and PEF. Ecological footprint (EF) especially GCEF and GPEF have a significant positive correlation with income. Households with higher proportion of income obtained from non-farm employment have a smaller ecological footprint. In order to protect the ecosystem in agro-pastoral ecologically-vulnerable areas, it's necessary to further improve the ecological compensation mechanism, change the extensive production mode of livestock breeding, and consistently promote the non-farm employment.

关 键 词：农户 生产和消费 生态足迹 收入 农牧交错生态脆弱区 

分 类 号：P968[天文地球—自然地理学] F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学]