受害者解释水平与冒犯者不同情感的道歉对宽恕的影响  

Effect of Victim’s Construal Level and Offender’s Different Emotional Apology on Forgiveness

作　　者：王逸虹 王敬群[2] 叶宝娟[1] 王鑫强[1] 王青华[2] WANG Yi-hong;WANG Jing-qun;YE Bao-juan;WANG Xin-qiang;WANG Qing-hua(School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China;Center of Mental Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China)

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学心理学院,南昌330022 [2]江西师范大学心理教育中心,南昌330022

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2019年第3期453-457,570,共6页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31600909);江西省教改重点立项课题“互联网+”背景下高校心理委员专业化培养新模式(JXJG-18-2-19);江西省教育科学规划项目“自我同情对心理委员助人行为倾向的影响机制及干预研究”(19YB025)

摘　　要：目的:探讨受害者的解释水平与冒犯者表达羞耻、内疚情感的道歉对宽恕的影响。方法:两个研究分别采用2(社会距离:远,近)×2(不同情感:羞耻,内疚),2(解释水平:高,低)×2(不同情感:羞耻,内疚)两因素被试间设计。结果:两个研究均显示,受害者的解释水平与冒犯者道歉表达的羞耻、内疚情感交互作用显著。简单效应分析表明:对于高解释水平的受害者,冒犯者表达羞耻的道歉比表达内疚的道歉更能促进宽恕;对于低解释水平的受害者,冒犯者表达内疚的道歉比表达羞耻的道歉更能促进宽恕。结论:受害者的解释水平与冒犯者道歉表达的羞耻、内疚情感共同影响宽恕。Objective: To explore the effect of victim’s construal level and offender’s apology for expressing guilt or shame on forgiveness. Methods: Study 1 carried out an experiment with 2(psychological distance: distant, near)×2(different emotion: shame, guilt) between-subject design. Similarly, study 2 carried out an experiment with 2(construal level: high,low)×2(different emotion: shame, guilt) between-subject design. Results: Both of the two experiments results showed a significant interactive effect between offender’s apology for expressing guilt or shame and victim’s construal level. Simple effect analysis showed that offender’s apology with shame was more likely to promote forgiveness than an apology with guilt for high construal level victim, while offender’s apology with guilt was more likely to promote forgiveness than an apology with shame for low construal level victim. Conclusion: The victim’s construal level and offender’s apology for expressing guilt or shame interacts to influence forgiveness.

关 键 词：解释水平 道歉 羞耻 内疚 宽恕 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]