合生元对保育猪生长性能、粪样菌群结构和短链脂肪酸含量的影响  

Effects of synbiotics on the growth performance,microbial community and concentrations of short chain fatty acids in feces of nursery pigs

作　　者：吕存 孙玉亭 胡传炯 纪宇 成艳芬[1] 朱伟云[1] L Cun;SUN Yuting;HU Chuanjiong;JI Yu;CHENG Yanfen;ZHU Weiyun(National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition/Jiangsu Key Laboratory ofGastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health/Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;TECH-BANK Food Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200233,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学国家动物消化道营养国际联合研究中心/江苏省消化道营养与动物健康重点实验室/消化道微生物研究室,江苏南京210095 [2]天邦食品股份有限公司天邦研究院,上海200233

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2019年第4期721-728,共8页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2013CB127300);国家重点研发项目(2018YFD0500404)

摘　　要：[目的]本试验旨在研究由2种益生菌和2种益生素合成的合生元对保育猪的益生作用并探讨其作用机制。[方法]240头体况相近的21日龄健康断奶仔猪,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组3个重复,每个重复40头仔猪。试验组通过饮水饲喂合生元,对照组正常饮水,试验期间记录采食量与体质量;于21、28、42和70日龄采集粪样样品,Hiseq测序分析粪样菌群结构,气相色谱测定粪样短链脂肪酸含量。[结果]合生元显著提高21~42日龄保育猪平均日采食量和平均日增重,降低腹泻率(P<0.05);显著增加粪样短链脂肪酸含量,尤其是丁酸含量(P<0.05)。合生元对粪样菌群多样性和丰富度无显著影响,但显著增加28日龄保育猪粪样中乳酸杆菌属以及42日龄保育猪普氏菌属的相对丰度(P<0.05)。相关性分析表明,粪样中乙酸、丁酸含量与保育猪腹泻率显著负相关,与平均日增重和平均采食量显著正相关。[结论]补充合生元改变了断奶保育猪肠道菌群结构与代谢,提高了其生长性能。[Objectives] The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of synbiotics,a combination of two probiotics and two prebiotics ,on the growth performance,microbial community and concentrations of short chain fatty acids(SCFA)and explore its potential mechanism.[Methods] 240 weaned piglets of 21 days of age were randomly divided into control group and treatment group,with three repeats in each group and 40 piglets in each repeat. Piglets in the treatment group were fed with synbiotics via drinking water. Fecal samples were collected at 21,28,42 and 70 days of age for the analysis of microbial community via Hiseq sequencing and the concentrations of SCFA by gas chromatography.[Results] Results showed that the average daily gain(ADG)and average daily food intake(ADFI)in the treatment group significantly increased( P <0.05),while the diarrhea incidence significantly decreased( P < 0.05 ). The treatment of synbiotics significantly increased the concentrations of SCFA,especially the concentration of butyric acid from 21 to 42 days of age( P <0.05). The synbiotics had no effects on the diversity and richness of fecal microbes. However , it significantly increased the abundances of Lactobacillus and Prevolla at 28 and 42 days of age,respectively( P < 0.05 ). Correlation analysis showed that the concentrations of acetic acid and butyric acid were negatively correlated with the diarrhea incidence of nursery pigs,and positively correlated with the ADG and ADFI.[Conclusions] In conclusion,supplementation of synbiotics after weaning shifted the structure and metabolism of intestinal microbes and resulted in the improvement of the growth performance of the nursery pigs.

关 键 词：合生元 粪样菌群结构 保育猪 短链脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S828.8[农业科学—畜牧学]